Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Rationale:
- Salt tablets are used for mild deficits of serum sodium to help restore electrolyte balance.
- Sodium is crucial for fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.
- Severe deficits of serum magnesium, potassium, and calcium require specific electrolyte replacement therapy, not salt tablets.
Summary:
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Choice A is correct because salt tablets are used for mild deficits of serum sodium.
-

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve severe deficits of different electrolytes that require specific replacement therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: sitting at the side of the bed with both arms resting on a locked overbed table. This position allows for better lung expansion and easier access to the thoracic cavity during the procedure. Sitting position helps in maximizing lung volume and facilitates drainage of pleural effusion. Arms resting on a locked overbed table helps the patient maintain a stable position and reduces the risk of movement during the procedure. Other choices are incorrect because supine position (
A) may not allow for optimal lung expansion, high fowler's position (
C) may not provide easy access to the thoracic cavity, and semi-fowlers position (
D) may not facilitate efficient drainage of pleural effusion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: after the surgery, bleeding is normal. This is because after a TURP procedure, it is common for some bleeding to occur, leading to blood clots in the urine bag. The surgical site undergoes trauma, causing bleeding as a part of the healing process.


Choice B is incorrect because while irrigation may be done post-surgery, blood clots in the urine bag are expected due to the surgery itself, not just irrigation.
Choice C is incorrect as it is normal for some bleeding to occur after TURP, and immediate physician intervention is not necessary unless excessive bleeding is observed.
Choice D is incorrect as tugging on the catheter may cause bleeding, but in this case, the presence of blood clots is likely due to the surgery itself, not catheter irritation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Levodopa. Levodopa is associated with the on-off phenomenon and wearing-off effect in Parkinson's disease treatment due to fluctuations in its effectiveness over time. The on-off phenomenon refers to sudden and unpredictable changes in motor function, while wearing-off effect occurs when the medication's effects diminish before the next dose. Amantadine (
A) is not typically associated with these phenomena. Benztropine (
C) is an anticholinergic used for tremors and rigidity. Pramixole (
D) is a dopamine agonist that can cause dyskinesias but is not primarily linked to on-off or wearing-off effects.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Step 1: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver.

Step 2: A splenectomy increases the risk of bleeding due to decreased platelet sequestration.

Step 3: Preoperative Vitamin K injection helps correct any clotting deficiencies.
Summary:
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Choice B is incorrect as Vitamin K does not prevent infection.
-
Choice C is incorrect as Vitamin K does not directly promote healing.
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Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin K does not dry secretions.