ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the patient to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects? ( select all the apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used to treat heart conditions such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Monitoring and reporting adverse effects of digoxin are crucial to ensure the patient's safety.
Question 2 of 5
A 52-year-old man with chronic low back pain following an automobile accident desires pain relief. He has significant gastroesophageal reflux and abdominal pain. Which of the following agents may improve his pain but worsen his gastrointestinal symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic pain with GERD limits NSAID use. Naproxen sodium -relieves pain but worsens GI symptoms via COX-1 inhibition, increasing acid and ulcers. Trisalicylate and Celecoxib are GI-sparing. Ketorolac is short-term. Salsalate (E) is milder. Naproxen fits the risk profile.
Question 3 of 5
A 39-year-old man who suffered a work-related injury has chronic back pain. A morphine pain pump was implanted to control his chronic pain. Formerly, he had chronic diarrhea which is now much improved. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine, an opioid, improves chronic diarrhea by increasing intestinal circular muscle tone . Opioids slow GI motility via μ-receptors, enhancing tone and reducing peristalsis. Option , improved motility, opposes this. Options , , and (E) weaken continence or motility, not fitting. This constipating effect explains the improvement, a common opioid side effect.
Question 4 of 5
The client receives albuterol (Proventil) via inhaler. He asks the nurse why he can't just take a pill. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol's inhalation targets lungs directly, with rapid absorption for quick relief (minutes vs. hours for oral). Pills work but slower. Side effects differ, not the reason. Efficacy varies by route. A explains pharmacokinetics, making it the best response.
Question 5 of 5
Fundamental action of vaccines :
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fundamental action of vaccines is prophylaxis, which means the prevention of disease. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens before they cause infection or illness. By introducing a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen to the body, vaccines trigger an immune response and teach the immune system how to recognize and destroy the pathogen in the future. Through prophylaxis, vaccines help protect individuals from getting sick with certain diseases.