Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Heimlich maneuver is performed to clear the airway if a client is choking and cannot speak or breathe after swallowing food.
Step 1: Assess the situation and confirm airway obstruction.
Step 2: Stand behind the client, wrap your arms around their waist, and deliver upward abdominal thrusts.
Step 3: Repeat thrusts until the object is dislodged. Other choices are incorrect as they do not address airway obstruction. A: Increasing medication absorption is not a purpose of the Heimlich maneuver. C: Preventing falls and D: Maintaining extremities in proper position are not related to choking emergencies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Turn off the antibiotic. This should be the nurse's first action because in an anaphylactic reaction, stopping the administration of the causative agent is crucial to prevent further harm. Continuing the antibiotic (
Choice
B) can worsen the reaction. Calling the doctor (
Choice
A) may cause a delay in the immediate intervention needed. Calling for help (
Choice
C) is important but turning off the antibiotic takes precedence to stop the allergen.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct:
1. Laryngeal cancer is strongly linked to smoking and alcohol consumption.
2. Both smoking and alcohol use are modifiable risk factors, meaning they can be prevented.
3. By avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing laryngeal cancer.
4.
Therefore, laryngeal cancer is considered one of the most preventable types of cancer.

Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B. Inhaling polluted air can be a risk factor for laryngeal cancer, so this statement is inaccurate.
C. Laryngeal cancer occurs more frequently in men than women, so this statement is incorrect.
D. Squamous cell carcinoma, not adenocarcinoma, is the most common type of laryngeal cancer, making this statement incorrect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Excessive fluid volume. In Addison's disease, there is a deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone leading to sodium loss and water retention. This imbalance can result in excessive fluid volume.
A) Risk for infection is not directly related to Addison's disease.
B) Urinary retention is not a common symptom of Addison's disease.
D) Hypothermia is not a typical manifestation of Addison's disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Correct Answer: A


Rationale:
1. Timing: Antiviral medications should be taken as prescribed to maintain consistent drug levels in the body.
2. Around meals: Taking medications with or without food can affect absorption, so timing around meals helps with consistency.
3. Compliance: Following the timing instructions increases medication effectiveness and reduces the risk of drug resistance.

Other

Choices:

B) Avoiding harsh sunlight: Not directly related to medication administration; may be a precaution for other reasons.

C) Having medications with fruit juice: This is not a standard instruction for antiviral medications; may not be suitable for all medications.

D) Increasing dose for worsening symptoms: This is dangerous and should only be done under healthcare provider supervision; self-adjusting medication doses can be harmful.