ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2019 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Currently, there is no way to prevent myelosuppression. However, there are medications available to elicit a more rapid bone marrow recovery. An example is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) is an example of a medication used to elicit a more rapid bone marrow recovery. It is a form of erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. By stimulating red blood cell production, epoetin alfa can help in faster recovery from myelosuppression, a condition characterized by low blood cell counts. This medication is commonly used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or those with chronic kidney disease to manage anemia and improve overall quality of life.
Therefore, epoetin alfa is the correct answer in this scenario as it specifically addresses the issue of bone marrow recovery.
Question 2 of 5
A patient™s blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive emergency is obvious.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a patient with a hypertensive emergency, rapid and effective blood pressure reduction is crucial to prevent organ damage. The recommendation for IV administration of antihypertensive medications in this scenario is to titrate the medication to achieve a safe reduction in blood pressure, generally targeting a decrease in mean arterial pressure by no more than 25% within the first hour. The specific medication and infusion rate are dependent on the patient's clinical status and individual factors.
Therefore, the maximum dose and duration of infusion must be tailored to the patient's response, with close monitoring by healthcare providers. Hence, determining a fixed time for the maximum dose of the drug to be infused is not appropriate in this critical care scenario.
Question 3 of 5
When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, act on the loop of Henle in the kidney to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption. This leads to a rapid diuretic effect by increasing the excretion of water along with sodium, chloride, and potassium. Loop diuretics have a quick onset of action, typically within 30 minutes of administration, and can cause a significant increase in urine output within a short period of time. This makes them ideal for treating conditions that require rapid elimination of excess fluid, such as acute pulmonary edema or severe hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
Which solution should the nurse administer with packed red blood cells?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When administering packed red blood cells, it is recommended to use 0.9% sodium chloride, also known as normal saline solution, as the preferred solution. Normal saline is isotonic and compatible with blood products, making it the most suitable solution for transfusion with packed red blood cells. It helps maintain the osmotic pressure and prevents hemolysis of red blood cells, ensuring the safe delivery of the blood product to the patient. Lactated Ringer's solution, D5W, and 0.45% sodium chloride are not ideal choices for administering packed red blood cells due to their electrolyte compositions and potential risks of adverse reactions.
Question 5 of 5
Antilipemic drug therapy is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse is providing instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instructions will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.