ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN Questions
Question 1 of 5
The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The symptoms of gagging and drooling suggest that the foreign object is likely lodged in the esophagus. This can cause significant discomfort and potential complications, requiring immediate medical evaluation.
Question 2 of 5
What pathologic process is believed to be responsible for the development of postinfectious glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postinfectious glomerulonephritis is typically caused by immune complex deposition in the glomeruli following a streptococcal infection. This immune response leads to inflammation and impaired kidney function.
Question 3 of 5
Which parental statement at the conclusion of a teaching session regarding environmental controls for childhood asthma indicates correct understanding of the information presented?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Replacing carpet with hard flooring helps to reduce allergens and asthma triggers in the child's environment.
Choice A is incorrect as having a dog in the child's room can worsen asthma symptoms due to pet dander.
Choice B is incorrect because keeping plants in the child's room can increase mold spores and allergens.
Choice C is incorrect as using a fireplace can introduce smoke and other irritants into the air, worsening asthma symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A child is hospitalized in acute renal failure and has a serum potassium greater than 7 mEq/L. What temporary measures that will produce a rapid but transient effect to reduce the potassium should the nurse expect to be prescribed? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium gluconate, sodium bicarbonate, and glucose with insulin are used as temporary measures to rapidly reduce serum potassium levels. They help shift potassium into cells and stabilize the heart but do not remove potassium from the body like dialysis does.
Question 5 of 5
When should a child receive the first dose of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine if the mother is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If the mother is HBsAg negative, it is recommended that the child receives the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine at birth before discharge from the hospital. This is to provide early protection against the hepatitis B virus. The second dose of the vaccine is typically given at the first well-child visit, and the third dose is usually administered at a later date. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics govern the recommendations for immunization, including the hepatitis B virus vaccine.
Choice A is incorrect as the first dose should ideally be given at birth.
Choice C is incorrect as waiting until 6 months of age may leave the child vulnerable to infection during the early months of life.
Choice D is incorrect as the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborns, especially if the mother is HBsAg negative, to prevent transmission of the virus.