ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a medication history on a patient presenting with chest pain. What drug classification would necessitate the nurse informing the provider before beginning the prescribed nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (Erectile Dysfunction medications) are contraindicated with nitroglycerin due to the potential for severe hypotension and cardiovascular collapse when taken together. It is essential for the nurse to inform the provider before administering nitroglycerin if the patient is taking phosphodiesterase inhibitors to prevent any harmful interactions.
Question 2 of 5
While assessing a patient who is receiving intravenous digitalis, the nurse recognizes that the drug has a negative chronotropic effect. How would this drug effect be evident in the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digitalis is a medication commonly used to treat heart failure and certain cardiac arrhythmias. It works by increasing the force of heart contractions and slowing down the heart rate. Digitalis has a negative chronotropic effect, which means it decreases the heart rate by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart. When a patient is receiving intravenous digitalis, a decreased heart rate would be evident as a result of this pharmacological action.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. Decreased heart rate.
Question 3 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The estimated number of people with hypertension in the United States is around 25 million. Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a prevalent health condition affecting a significant portion of the population. This estimate is based on data collected from various healthcare sources and studies on the prevalence of hypertension in the country. It is important to monitor and manage hypertension effectively to prevent the associated health risks, such as heart disease and stroke.
Question 4 of 5
When teaching a patient who has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse tells the patient that these patches are most appropriately used for which situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transdermal nitroglycerin patches are primarily used for the prevention and management of angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Nitroglycerin works by dilating the blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow to the heart muscle and reduce the workload on the heart. By preventing angina episodes, nitroglycerin patches can help to alleviate chest pain, improve exercise tolerance, and enhance the overall quality of life for patients with angina. It is not used to prevent low blood pressure, relieve shortness of breath, or control heart rate during exercise.
Question 5 of 5
After a severe auto accident, a patient has been taken to the trauma unit and has an estimated
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Packed red blood cells contain primarily red blood cells and are used to increase the patient's oxygen-carrying capacity. After a severe auto accident, the patient may experience blood loss and require a transfusion of packed red blood cells to improve oxygen delivery to tissues and organs. While other blood products like whole blood or fresh frozen plasma contain additional components (such as plasma proteins or clotting factors), packed red blood cells are specifically indicated to address oxygen-carrying needs in cases of significant blood loss or anemia.
Therefore, in the trauma unit for a patient following a severe auto accident, the nurse should prepare to administer packed red blood cells.