ATI RN
foundations in microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Poxviruses are DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step 1: Poxviruses are indeed DNA viruses, confirmed by scientific research.
Step 2: Poxviruses replicate entirely in the cytoplasm, unlike most DNA viruses.
Step 3: Cytoplasmic replication is a unique characteristic of poxviruses.
Step 4: The replication process of poxviruses in the cytoplasm is well-documented.
Step 5:
Therefore, option A (TRUE) is correct, as poxviruses replicate in the cytoplasm exclusively.
Question 2 of 5
The six generally recognized types of H. Influenzae are: a,b,c,d,e and f. They are divided on the basis of their:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: K-antigen. H. Influenzae types are classified based on their capsular polysaccharides, which are known as K-antigens. The K-antigen is a major virulence factor and plays a crucial role in the pathogenicity of H. Influenzae. The other options (A, C,
D) are not used to classify H. Influenzae types. Vi-antigen is related to Salmonella serotyping, O-antigen is characteristic of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and H-antigen is typically associated with flagellar antigens of bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following are beta-lactam antibiotics except
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Vancomycin, because it is not a beta-lactam antibiotic. Beta-lactam antibiotics contain a beta-lactam ring in their molecular structure, which Vancomycin lacks. Benzylpenicillin, Cephalosporin, and Monobactam all contain the beta-lactam ring, making them beta-lactam antibiotics. Vancomycin belongs to a different class of antibiotics called glycopeptides.
Question 4 of 5
A 42-year-old woman has foamy purulent vaginal discharges. Microscopy revealed flagellated protozoa with an undulating membrane and pear-shaped structure. What organism was found?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trichomonas vaginalis. Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis, characterized by foamy purulent vaginal discharges. Microscopy of vaginal discharge showing flagellated protozoa with an undulating membrane and pear-shaped structure is indicative of Trichomonas vaginalis. Trypanosoma gambiense causes African sleeping sickness and is transmitted by tsetse flies. Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis transmitted by sandflies. Lamblia intestinalis causes giardiasis and is characterized by diarrhea and flatulence.
Question 5 of 5
In which of the following GIT infections, the bacteria adhere to the intestine wall and produce toxins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETE
C). ETEC adheres to the intestine wall and produces toxins, leading to symptoms like diarrhea. Shigella spp. invade intestinal cells, Salmonella spp. cause inflammation, and Helicobacter pylori infects the stomach lining. This makes them incorrect choices for bacteria adhering to the intestine wall and producing toxins.