ATI RN
Nursing Process 1 Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
During a routine checkup, the nurse assesses a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for signs and symptoms of cancer. What is the common AIDS-related cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi’s sarcoma. In AIDS patients, Kaposi’s sarcoma is a common cancer caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as purple or brown skin lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma (
A), leukemia (
B), and multiple myeloma (
C) are not commonly associated with AIDS. Squamous cell carcinoma is linked to sun exposure, leukemia originates in the bone marrow, and multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells.
Therefore, the correct answer is D due to its strong association with AIDS.
Question 2 of 5
During a routine check-up, the nurse evaluates a client with rheumatoid arthritis. To assess for the most obvious disease manifestations first, the nurse checks for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Joint abnormalities. In rheumatoid arthritis, joint abnormalities such as swelling, warmth, and tenderness are the hallmark manifestations. Assessing joint abnormalities first is crucial as they are the primary clinical signs of the disease. Muscle weakness (
A) is a common symptom but typically occurs later due to joint inflammation and disuse. Painful subcutaneous nodules (
B) are present in some cases but are not as common or prominent as joint abnormalities. Gait disturbances (
D) may occur as a result of joint damage, but they are secondary to the primary manifestation of joint abnormalities. By prioritizing the assessment of joint abnormalities, the nurse can promptly identify and address the most prevalent disease manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the ff is the best dietary advice to maximize the immune function in healthy people?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale:
1. A balanced and varied diet provides essential nutrients for immune function.
2. Including a wide range of foods ensures intake of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants crucial for immune health.
3. Avoiding extremes like excessive immune-enhancing formulas or eliminating polyunsaturated fatty acids maintains balance.
4. Essential fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial but should be part of a well-rounded diet.
5. For clients with immune-mediated disorders, individualized dietary advice may be necessary.
Summary:
- A: Immune-enhancing formulas may not be necessary and could disrupt balance.
- B: Avoiding all polyunsaturated fatty acids is not advisable as some are essential for health.
- C: Increasing essential fatty acids is beneficial but should be part of a balanced diet.
Question 4 of 5
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is prescribed zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT [retrovir]), 200mg PO every 4 hours. When teaching the client about this drug, the nurse should provide which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Take zidovudine every 4 hours around the clock." Zidovudine is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It is crucial for the client to adhere to the prescribed dosing schedule to maintain therapeutic blood levels. Taking the medication every 4 hours around the clock helps to ensure consistent levels in the body, maximizing its efficacy. Taking it with meals (choice
A) or on an empty stomach (choice
B) is not specifically indicated for zidovudine.
Choice D is incorrect as taking OTC drugs without consulting a healthcare provider can lead to drug interactions or adverse effects. Hence, choice C is the most appropriate instruction to ensure the client benefits from the medication.
Question 5 of 5
What is the last step when inserting an IV cannula?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Secure the cannula with tape. This is the last step in inserting an IV cannula to ensure it stays in place and prevents dislodgement or movement. Securing the cannula with tape helps maintain proper positioning and prevents accidental removal. Documenting the insertion site, date, and type of cannula used (
B) is important but typically done earlier in the process. Assessing the site (
C) should be done before securing the cannula to ensure proper placement. Placing a sterile dressing over the insertion site (
D) is also important, but it usually comes before securing the cannula with tape to maintain a clean and sterile environment.