ATI RN
Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with group AB blood whose husband has group O has just given birth. The major sign of ABO blood incompatibility in the neonate is which complication or test result?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A neonate born to a mother with blood type AB and a father with blood type O is at risk for ABO blood incompatibility, particularly if the neonate is blood type A or B. The major sign of ABO blood incompatibility in the neonate is the development of jaundice within the first 24 hours of life. This occurs due to the mismatch in blood types between the mother and the neonate, leading to the destruction of the neonate's red blood cells. This destruction releases bilirubin, causing jaundice. It is important to note that unlike Rh incompatibility, ABO incompatibility usually does not lead to severe complications requiring treatment. A positive Coombs test result is not typically seen in ABO blood incompatibility.
Question 2 of 5
To decrease the likelihood of bradyarrhythmias in children during endotracheal intubation, succinylcholine(Anectine) is used with which of the following agents?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Succinylcholine administration can lead to bradycardia or bradyarrhythmias in children due to its depolarizing neuromuscular blockade effects.
To counteract this detrimental effect and decrease the likelihood of bradyarrhythmias, atropine sulfate is commonly used in conjunction with succinylcholine. Atropine, an anticholinergic agent, works by blocking the action of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors, which helps prevent vagal-induced bradycardia. This approach is especially important in pediatric patients to maintain a stable heart rate and hemodynamic status during endotracheal intubation.
Question 3 of 5
Kim is using bronchodilators for asthma. The side effects of these drugs that you need to monitor this patient for include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bronchodilators are medications used to relax and open the airways in the lungs, making it easier to breathe for patients with conditions like asthma. Common side effects of bronchodilators that need to be monitored in patients include tachycardia (increased heart rate), nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, inability to sleep, restlessness, and in severe cases, seizures. These side effects can vary depending on the type of bronchodilator being used, but it is important for healthcare providers to monitor patients for these symptoms and adjust their treatment as needed.
Question 4 of 5
Tiffany is diagnosed with increased intracranial pressure (ICP); which of the following if stated by her parents would indicate a need for Nurse Charlie to reexplain the purpose for elevating the head of the bed at a 10 to 20-degree angle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed at a 10 to 20-degree angle helps to increase intrathoracic pressure. This increase in pressure can aid in promoting cerebrospinal fluid drainage and reducing intracranial pressure. It is important to maintain the correct angle to achieve the desired effect and avoid potential complications. If Tiffany's parents mention this as the reason for elevating the bed, Nurse Charlie should reexplain the purpose to ensure they understand the intended outcome.
Question 5 of 5
When a child injures the epiphyseal plate from a fracture, the damage may result in which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is the area of growing tissue near the ends of the long bones in children and adolescents. It is crucial for bone growth and development. When a child injures the epiphyseal plate from a fracture, the damage can disrupt the normal growth process of the bone. This disruption can lead to unequal limb length, angular deformities, or other growth abnormalities.
Therefore, the damage resulting from an injury to the epiphyseal plate may lead to bone growth disruption.
Choices A, B, and C are not directly associated with epiphyseal plate injuries.