ATI RN
Psychological Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Michael, age 16, has recently gained a considerable amount of weight but has not grown any taller. His father experienced a similar pattern of growth when he was a teenager. Theorists who suggest that Michael's growth pattern was inherited from his father emphasize the ________ side of the nature-nurture debate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A: Nature.' In this scenario, the emphasis is on the genetic inheritance of the growth pattern from father to son, highlighting the role of nature in determining physical characteristics.
Choice B, 'Nurture,' focuses on environmental influences, which are not the primary factor in this case.
Choice C, 'Environmental,' is similar to 'Nurture' and does not address the genetic aspect mentioned.
Choice D, 'Experiential,' pertains more to the learning and experiential aspects rather than genetic inheritance, making it an incorrect choice.
Question 2 of 5
What is the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Proximodistal pattern. This pattern describes growth starting at the center of the body and moving towards the extremities.
Choice A, Cephalocaudal pattern, refers to growth starting from the head and moving downwards, which is not the sequence described in the question.
Choice D, Gene-environment correlation, does not relate to the sequential pattern of growth described in the question, making it incorrect.
Question 3 of 5
Dr. Haldol has several patients with schizophrenia who appear to exhibit excessive or distorted characteristics in relation to what one might consider normal functioning. Specific symptoms include varied hallucinations and multiple delusions. According to the DSM-5, these are referred to as?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Positive symptoms. Positive symptoms in schizophrenia are behaviors or experiences that are added to normal functioning, such as hallucinations and delusions. These symptoms are considered 'positive' because they represent an excess or distortion of normal functions.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Flat affect refers to a reduction in emotional expression, negative symptoms involve deficits in normal functioning such as reduced emotional expression or motivation, and catatonia is a state of unresponsiveness.
Question 4 of 5
Which term refers to events that typically happen to everyone at certain times of life?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Normative age-graded influence. Normative age-graded influences are events that typically happen to everyone at certain life stages, such as marriage, parenthood, puberty, and menopause.
Choice B, 'Social clock,' refers to the culturally preferred timing of social events.
Choice C, 'Sensitive period,' represents a time when a particular development occurs most easily.
Choice D, 'Normative history-graded influences,' are common to people of a particular generation due to historical circumstances.
Question 5 of 5
The child might see an orange and say 'apple' because both objects are round. This is known as ____?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assimilation. Assimilation occurs when a child applies an existing schema (like 'apple' for round objects) to new objects. In this scenario, the child sees the round orange and calls it an 'apple' because they are both round.
Choice A, Accommodation, involves modifying an existing schema to fit a new object or situation, which is not the case in the given scenario.
Choices C and D are unrelated to the concept being tested in this question.