Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) is the sample used for proving epidemic meningitis. It should be transported at 37°C to maintain its integrity. Blood and nasopharyngeal secretions are not typically used for diagnosing meningitis.
Choice B, feces, is unrelated to the diagnosis of meningitis.
Choice C, CSF transported at +4°C, is incorrect as it should be transported at 37°C to prevent degradation of the sample.
Therefore, A is the correct choice for proving epidemic meningitis due to the specificity of the sample and the proper transport conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." Bacterial meningitis can be caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These bacteria are common pathogens associated with meningitis. Each of them can lead to serious infections in the brain and spinal cord. Neisseria meningitidis is known for causing meningococcal meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of H. influenzae meningitis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for pneumococcal meningitis.
Therefore, since all three bacteria can cause bacterial meningitis, the correct answer is D.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because each of these bacteria individually can cause bacterial meningitis; it is not limited to just one specific type.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Motility. Native microscopic slides are ideal for observing motility because they allow for the observation of living microorganisms in their natural state. By observing the movement of microorganisms on a native slide, one can assess their motility characteristics accurately.


Choice B (Division) is incorrect because native slides may not provide the ideal conditions for observing cell division, as it may be difficult to capture the exact moment of division in a live organism.


Choice C (Presence of capsules) is also incorrect because observing capsules usually requires specific staining techniques that may not be suitable for native slides.


Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as native slides are indeed beneficial for observing motility.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Benzylpenicillin sodium salt, also known as penicillin G, works by blocking the synthesis of peptidoglycan in the microbial cell wall. Peptidoglycan is crucial for the structural integrity of bacterial cell walls. By inhibiting its synthesis, penicillin disrupts the cell wall formation, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because penicillin does not target cytoplasm proteins, thiol enzymes, or RNA synthesis. Penicillin's primary mode of action is specifically related to interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale for choice A being correct:
1. Microscopic examination of discharge from infected organ allows direct visualization of bacteria causing the infection.
2. Microscopic examination of urine for organisms can help identify any bacteria present in the urinary tract.
3. Both methods are specific for diagnosing bacterial infections in the reproductive system.
Summary:
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Choice B is incorrect as biopsy is invasive and not typically used for diagnosing bacterial infections.
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Choice C is incorrect as fecal samples and urine protein tests are not relevant for diagnosing bacterial infections in the reproductive system.
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Choice D is incorrect as antibody agglutination and coagulation tests are not primary methods for diagnosing bacterial infections in the reproductive system.