ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A student nurse was asked by the nurse instructor to explain the procedure for the administration of erythromycin ointment to the eyes of the newborn. Which of the following statements made by the student indicates a need for further research?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After administering erythromycin ointment to the eyes of the newborn, there is no need to flush the eyes. The ointment is meant to be left in the eyes to provide protection against eye infections that can be acquired during birth. Flushing the eyes after instilling the ointment may reduce its effectiveness and is not part of the standard procedure. The ointment should be applied directly to the conjunctival sacs without rinsing or flushing the eyes.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is giving intravenous nitroglycerin to a patient who has just been admitted because of an acute myocardial infarction. Which statement is true regarding the administration of the intravenous form of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intravenous nitroglycerin can be given in infusions with other medications, such as saline or dextrose solutions, to manage acute conditions like acute myocardial infarction. Combining nitroglycerin with other medications in an infusion is a common practice to treat patients in critical conditions and optimize therapy. This allows healthcare providers to administer multiple medications simultaneously through the same IV line, ensuring prompt and effective treatment.
Question 3 of 5
When reviewing the health history of a patient, the nurse will note that a potential contraindication to potassium supplements exists if the patient has which problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with renal disease because impaired kidney function can lead to the inability to adequately excrete potassium. This can result in potentially dangerous hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) in the bloodstream, which can cause serious cardiac dysrhythmias.
Therefore, patients with renal disease should be cautious when taking potassium supplements or may need to avoid them altogether to prevent complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, a type of angiotensin inhibitor, may have a serious interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This interaction can potentially reduce the effectiveness of the ACE inhibitor in lowering blood pressure and may cause kidney damage in susceptible individuals.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to be aware of this potential drug interaction and to monitor the patient for any signs of adverse effects when these two drug classes are used together.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is started on a diuretic for antihypertensive therapy. The nurse expects that a drug in which class is likely to be used initially?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are commonly used as first-line therapy for hypertension due to their effectiveness, safety profile, and affordability. They work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to increased elimination of sodium and water, ultimately reducing blood volume and blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics are generally well-tolerated and have been shown to be effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, are more potent diuretics typically reserved for use in conditions where aggressive diuresis is needed, such as heart failure or renal disease. Osmotic diuretics, like mannitol, are primarily used for reducing intracranial pressure or preventing acute kidney injury. Potassium-sparing diuretics are often used in combination with other diuretics to prevent hypokalemia but are not typically used as