NCLEX Questions and Answers in Community Health Nursing -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Improved sanitation and other public health activities. This is because advancements in public health practices such as improved sanitation, clean water supply, disease control measures, and vaccination programs have had a significant impact on reducing the spread of infectious diseases and improving overall population health. This primary explanation for the increase in life expectancy is supported by historical data showing that improvements in public health measures have led to a significant decline in mortality rates due to preventable diseases.


Choice A (An increase in findings from medical laboratory research) is incorrect as while medical research has contributed to advancements in treatments and understanding of diseases, it is not the primary reason for the notable increase in life expectancy.


Choice B (Incredible advances in surgical techniques and procedures) is not the primary explanation as surgical advancements primarily impact specific health conditions and are not as widespread in their impact on overall population health and life expectancy.


Choice D (Increased use of antibiotics to fight infections) is also not the primary explanation as antibiotics have played a role

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because acting as a member of a community action group for provision of accessible transit choices aligns with the advocate role of a community health nurse. Advocacy involves promoting and supporting policies that benefit communities. Organizing home care (choice
A) is more aligned with the caregiver role. Prenatal assessments (choice
C) and facilitating a self-help group for smoking cessation (choice
D) are more focused on direct patient care rather than advocating for broader community needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because starting a rehabilitation clinic for middle-aged adults residing in low-income housing represents secondary prevention. This service aims to detect and treat health issues early to prevent the progression of diseases. It focuses on individuals who already have risk factors or early signs of a disease. Administering the influenza vaccine (
A) is an example of primary prevention, aiming to prevent the initial occurrence of a disease. Initiating an infant car seat safety screening program (
B) falls under primary prevention as well, aiming to prevent injuries. Setting up a support group for teenage mothers (
D) is more of a tertiary prevention approach, focusing on managing and improving outcomes for individuals already affected by a condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because religious orders were the first to establish hospitals with a charitable mission to care for the sick, poor, and neglected. They believed in the importance of providing medical care and compassion to those in need. Feudal lords (choice
A) were focused on maintaining control over their workers. Small towns (choice
B) did not have the resources or organization to establish hospitals on a large scale. The military (choice
C) prioritized treating injured soldiers on the battlefield rather than establishing hospitals. Hence, the correct answer is D as it aligns with historical evidence of the earliest hospitals being founded by religious orders for charitable purposes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because using Public Health Nurses (PHNs) to keep workers healthier leading to increased productivity aligns with the company's primary goal of maximizing profits. This argument appeals to the company's financial interests by linking employee health to productivity.
Choice A is incorrect because moral reasons alone may not be sufficient to convince a company to invest in a program.
Choice B is incorrect because the cost comparison is not the main driver for establishing the program.
Choice C is incorrect as although it may have some benefits, the primary concern for the company would likely be the bottom line, making choice D the most persuasive argument.