Human Growth and Development Final Exam Answers - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct statement about epidural analgesia is that it limits pain reduction to the pelvic region by blocking nerve signals from that specific area, providing pain relief during labor and delivery.
Choice A is incorrect because epidural analgesia does not numb the entire lower half of the body.
Choice C is incorrect because epidural analgesia does not strengthen uterine contractions; in fact, it may sometimes weaken them.
Choice D is incorrect because epidural analgesia does not shorten the length of labor; it can sometimes prolong labor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the researchers randomly assigned adolescents to either a single-grade classroom or a mixed-age classroom, which is an example of a field experiment. A field experiment involves manipulating independent variables in a natural setting to observe the effects on participants. This design allows for more control over variables compared to naturalistic observation, case studies, or natural experiments. Naturalistic observation involves observing subjects in their natural environment without manipulating any variables. A case study focuses on in-depth analysis of a single individual or a small group. A natural experiment involves observing naturally occurring events without intervention or manipulation by the researcher.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dr. Rizvi's approach to development, involving studying the relationship between changes in the brain and cognitive processing and behavior patterns, aligns with developmental cognitive neuroscience. This field combines research from various disciplines to understand how brain development influences cognitive processes and behaviors.
Choice A, behaviorism, focuses on observable behaviors influenced by external stimuli.
Choice B, cognitive-development theory, emphasizes cognitive growth stages.
Choice C, the information-processing approach, centers on how individuals perceive, store, and retrieve information.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Three-month-old Jefferson will likely listen longer to human speech compared to nonspeech sounds because infants have a natural preference for speech sounds. This preference is believed to be attributed to their biological readiness to learn language and communicate with others.
Choice A is incorrect because voices are a form of human speech, which is preferred over pure tones.
Choice B is incorrect as noises do not necessarily engage infants' attention as effectively as human speech.
Choice D is incorrect because Jefferson is more likely to listen longer to his native language rather than a foreign language at this early age.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Evolutionary developmental psychology seeks to understand the adaptive value of species-wide competencies as those competencies change with age. This field focuses on how psychological traits and behaviors have evolved to enhance survival and reproduction over time. It emphasizes the interaction between evolutionary principles and developmental processes to provide insights into human behavior and cognition.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the primary focus of evolutionary developmental psychology.
Choice A is more aligned with cognitive psychology, choice C relates to cognitive science, and choice D could pertain to multidisciplinary approaches but not specifically to evolutionary developmental psychology.