ATI RN
microbiology chapter 12 test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Bacteria that prefer high levels of salt in their growing environment are referred to as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: halophiles. Halophiles are bacteria that thrive in high salt environments. They have adapted to survive and grow in areas with high salt concentrations. This preference for high salt levels is what distinguishes halophiles from other types of bacteria.
A: Calciphiles are bacteria that prefer high levels of calcium.
C: Osmophiles are bacteria that thrive in environments with high sugar concentrations.
D: Mesophiles are bacteria that prefer moderate temperature ranges for growth.
In summary, the correct term for bacteria that prefer high levels of salt in their growing environment is halophiles, making choices A, C, and D incorrect in this context.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following bacteria is responsible for causing leprosy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step 1: Mycobacterium leprae is the bacterium responsible for causing leprosy, a chronic infectious disease affecting the skin and nerves.
Step 2: Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection.
Step 3: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia and other respiratory infections.
Step 4: Clostridium perfringens causes gas gangrene and food poisoning.
Summary: A is correct as Mycobacterium leprae specifically causes leprosy, while B, C, and D cause different diseases unrelated to leprosy.
Question 3 of 5
The drug most often used in fighting protozoan infections of the reproductive system is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: metronidazole. Metronidazole is specifically effective against protozoan infections due to its ability to target and disrupt the DNA of the parasites. It is commonly used to treat infections such as trichomoniasis and giardiasis that affect the reproductive system. Ampicillin (
A) and tetracycline (
B) are antibiotics that target bacteria, not protozoa. Ciprofloxacin (
C) is also an antibiotic that is effective against certain bacterial infections but not protozoan infections.
Therefore, metronidazole is the most appropriate choice for fighting protozoan infections of the reproductive system.
Question 4 of 5
Which toxin is specific for ETEC:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: LT enterotoxin. This toxin is specific for Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETE
C) and is responsible for causing diarrhea by increasing cyclic AMP levels in intestinal cells. TSST-1 (choice
A) is produced by Staphylococcus aureus, not ETEC. Shiga-like toxin (choice
B) is produced by Shigella and EHEC, not ETEC. Erythrogenic toxin (choice
C) is produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, not ETEC.
Therefore, the LT enterotoxin is the specific toxin associated with ETEC.
Question 5 of 5
Which one is true for the bacterial cell?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Multiplies by binary fission. Bacterial cells reproduce through binary fission, where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This process is essential for bacterial growth and multiplication.
A: The oxidative phosphorylation does not take place in the mitochondria of bacterial cells but in the cell membrane.
B: Capsules are not organelles but outer protective layers found in some bacterial cells.
C: Bacterial cells contain both DNA and RNA, essential for their genetic information and protein synthesis.