ATI RN
microbiology chapter 12 test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A relationship in which two organisms benefit is referred to as __________.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: mutualism. In mutualism, both organisms benefit from the relationship. This is because they provide each other with resources or services that help both parties. In contrast, commensalism (
A) is a relationship where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. Parasitism (
C) is a relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Competition (
D) is a relationship where both organisms are negatively affected as they compete for limited resources.
Therefore, mutualism is the correct answer as it describes a mutually beneficial relationship between two organisms.
Question 2 of 5
For treatment of Anthrax are used
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the treatment for Anthrax involves using antibiotics such as penicillins, tetracyclines, and macrolides to target the bacteria. Anti-anthrax gamma-globulins and immune-serum are used to provide passive immunity, but they are not the primary treatment.
Therefore, options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not encompass all the necessary components for treating Anthrax. Overall, using a combination of antibiotics and immune-based treatments like gamma-globulins and immune-serum provides a comprehensive approach to managing Anthrax infection.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with diarrhea had fecal analysis revealing small, curved Gram-negative bacilli with a monotrichous flagellum. These bacteria do not form spores or capsules and thrive in alkaline conditions. What is the causative agent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step 1: Small, curved Gram-negative bacilli with a monotrichous flagellum point towards a motile bacterium.
Step 2: The absence of spores or capsules and preference for alkaline conditions further narrows down the possibilities.
Step 3: Vibrio cholerae fits all criteria as it is a curved, motile, Gram-negative bacillus that thrives in alkaline environments.
Summary: Escherichia coli is a facultative anaerobe, Salmonella and Shigella are non-flagellated, and all of them can form capsules or spores, unlike Vibrio cholerae.
Question 4 of 5
Micellar growth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Step 1: Micellar growth refers to the apical prolongation of hyphae in fungi.
Step 2: Fungi have a unique growth structure with hyphae extending at the tips.
Step 3: This growth pattern allows fungi to expand and access nutrients.
Step 4: Bacterial cells (
A) do not exhibit micellar growth.
Step 5: Parent and daughter cells in division have similar sizes, not different (
B).
Step 6: Viruses and rickettsia (
C) do not display micellar growth.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following viruses belong to family Arenaviridae?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale:
1. Arenaviridae family includes viruses with a segmented genome.
2. Lassa virus has a segmented genome, placing it in the Arenaviridae family.
3. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus belongs to the Nairoviridae family, not Arenaviridae.
4. Rabies virus belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family, not Arenaviridae.
5. Epstein-Barr virus belongs to the Herpesviridae family, not Arenaviridae.
Summary:
A: Lassa virus is correct because it has a segmented genome, characteristic of Arenaviridae.
B, C, D: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Rabies virus, and Epstein-Barr virus belong to different virus families, not Arenaviridae.