Community Health Nursing Exam Questions -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Democratic. In disaster management situations like the SARS outbreak, a democratic leadership style is most appropriate for a CHN. This style involves involving team members in decision-making, fostering collaboration, and valuing input from all team members. In a crisis, it is crucial to have open communication and shared decision-making to ensure effective response and coordination. Autocratic leadership (
A) may stifle creativity and hinder teamwork, bureaucratic leadership (
C) may slow down decision-making processes, and transactional leadership (
D) focuses more on rewarding or punishing based on performance rather than fostering collaboration and teamwork essential in disaster management.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Caring. Caring is the central concept in nursing as it forms the foundation of the nurse-patient relationship and influences all aspects of patient care. Nurses provide holistic care by addressing the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients. Compassionate care enhances patient outcomes and promotes healing.

Explanation for other choices:
A: Adapting to technology is important, but it is not the central concept in nursing. Technology supports nursing practice but does not replace the human connection and empathy that caring provides.
C: Distinguishing nursing care from medical care is important, but it is not the central concept. While nursing care has its unique focus, caring remains the core value that distinguishes nursing from other healthcare professions.
D: Seeking evidence-based outcomes is crucial for quality care, but it is a methodological approach rather than the central concept. Caring guides the application of evidence-based practices to ensure patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ethnocentrism. This behavior exemplifies ethnocentrism because the health care worker is imposing their own beliefs and values about nutrition onto Indigenous clients, assuming their own cultural norms are superior. Ethnocentrism involves judging other cultures based on one's own cultural standards.

Summary:
A: Cultural imposition is forcing one's own cultural beliefs onto others, which is not evident in this scenario.
C: Racism involves discrimination based on race, which is not explicitly stated in the scenario.
D: Stereotyping involves making assumptions about a group based on limited information, but the scenario specifically highlights a judgment based on cultural differences, not stereotypes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D. Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone health, helping to build and maintain strong bones, thus preventing osteoporosis. Calcium is a key component of bone structure, while vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. This preventative measure directly targets the root cause of osteoporosis by ensuring the body has the necessary nutrients for bone strength.


Choice B, exposure to sunlight, while important for vitamin D synthesis, is not as effective as dietary sources for meeting the body's requirements.
Choice C, exercise, is beneficial for overall health but primarily falls under secondary prevention by helping to maintain bone density once it has already been established.
Choice D, weight control, does not directly address the nutritional needs for bone health as in choice A.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Efficiency. Efficiency refers to the relationship between a program's outcomes and the resources spent. It focuses on achieving maximum results with minimal resources. Relevance (
A) is about the alignment of program goals with needs. Progress (
B) is about moving towards goals. Adequacy (
D) is about having enough resources to achieve goals, not the efficient use of resources.
Therefore, C is the correct answer as it directly addresses the relationship between outcomes and resources.