ATI RN
ATI Fluid and Electrolytes Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Your patient's plan of care includes assessment of specific gravity every 4 hours. The results of this test will allow the nurse to assess what aspect of the patient's health?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing the specific gravity in a patient with SIADH helps the nurse evaluate the patient's fluid volume status. Specific gravity indicates the concentration of solutes in the urine and can detect if the patient has a fluid volume deficit or excess. Nutritional status, potassium balance, and calcium balance are not directly assessed through specific gravity testing. Nutritional status is typically evaluated through dietary intake and anthropometric measurements. Potassium balance is assessed through blood tests and ECG monitoring. Calcium balance is evaluated through blood tests and bone density scans.
Therefore, the correct answer is assessing fluid volume status through specific gravity testing.
Question 2 of 5
Which hormone is made in the pituitary gland and increases water absorption in the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, ADH (Antidiuretic hormone). ADH is produced by the pituitary gland and functions to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not refer to a hormone responsible for increasing water absorption in the kidney.
Question 3 of 5
How would a decrease in blood protein concentration impact the fluid volumes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A decrease in blood protein concentration would lead to a reduction in osmotic pressure, which is responsible for drawing fluid back into the capillaries. This decrease in osmotic pressure would result in an increase in interstitial fluid volume as fluid moves out of the capillaries, and a decrease in blood plasma volume as less fluid is drawn back into the circulation.
Therefore, the correct answer is to increase interstitial fluid volume and decrease blood plasma volume.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not reflect the impact of decreased blood protein concentration on fluid volumes.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following organs does not contribute to fluid output from the body?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. All the listed organs (lungs, skin, and intestines) contribute to fluid loss from the body. Lungs contribute to fluid loss through respiration, skin through sweating, and intestines through excretion.
Therefore, none of the organs listed in the options retain fluids within the body.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because all of these organs play a role in fluid output from the body.
Question 5 of 5
What is the most important regulator of the amount of sodium in the body?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Kidneys. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating the amount of sodium in the body. They achieve this by filtering blood and controlling the excretion or reabsorption of sodium. The small intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption, not sodium regulation. The large intestine is mainly involved in water absorption and waste elimination, not sodium balance. The skin helps regulate body temperature through sweating and does not directly regulate sodium levels.