ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
For a patient receiving furosemide, the nurse evaluates the medication as being effective if which of the following effects occurs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine output increased. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urine output, thus helping to reduce fluid volume in the body. This effect is crucial in managing conditions like heart failure and edema. Increased urine output indicates that the medication is working as intended.
Choice B: Heart rate increased is incorrect as furosemide does not directly affect heart rate.
Choice C: Serum potassium decreased is incorrect as furosemide can lead to potassium loss, but this is not the primary indicator of its effectiveness.
Choice D: Pulse pressure increased is incorrect as furosemide does not typically impact pulse pressure.
Question 2 of 5
To supplement a diet with foods high in potassium, the nurse should recommend the addition of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fruits such as bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, which is essential for various bodily functions like muscle contractions and maintaining fluid balance. Fruits are a natural source of potassium and are easily incorporated into the diet. Milk and yogurt (
B) are good sources of calcium, not potassium. Green leafy vegetables (
C) are nutritious but may not provide as much potassium as fruits. Nuts and legumes (
D) are good sources of protein and healthy fats but are not as rich in potassium as fruits like bananas.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the ff is the most important factor in the nursing management of a client with CFS?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because educating the client about the disease process and its limitations is crucial in managing Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). By understanding the disease, the client can make informed decisions regarding their lifestyle, activities, and self-care. This empowers the client to manage symptoms effectively and prevent exacerbations.
Choice A is not the most important factor as simply avoiding aggravating the disease does not address the overall management of CFS.
Choice B focuses solely on drug therapy, which is only one aspect of the client's management and may not provide significant improvement for all clients with CFS.
Choice C, altering diet and environment, can be helpful but may not be the most important factor as understanding the disease process and limitations is essential for long-term management and quality of life.
Question 4 of 5
The primary underlying disorder of pulmonary edema is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step 1: Pulmonary edema is caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs due to increased pressure in the pulmonary vasculature.
Step 2: Decreased left ventricular pumping leads to congestive heart failure, causing increased pressure in pulmonary circulation.
Step 3: This increased pressure forces fluid from the capillaries into the alveoli, causing pulmonary edema.
Step 4: Increased left atrial contractility (
B) would not directly lead to pulmonary edema.
Step 5: Decreased right ventricular elasticity (
C) and increased right atrial pressure (
D) are not directly related to the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema.
Summary: The correct answer is A because decreased left ventricular pumping directly contributes to the increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation that leads to pulmonary edema.
Choices B, C, and D do not align with the primary underlying disorder of pulmonary edema.
Question 5 of 5
At health fair, an oncology nurse answers questions about risk factors for various types of cancer. One person with a family history of colon cancer asks the nurse to identify risk factors for this type of cancer. The nurse should identify:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obesity. Obesity is a known risk factor for colon cancer as it can lead to chronic inflammation and changes in hormone levels, increasing the risk of developing cancerous cells in the colon. Smoking (choice
A) is more strongly associated with lung cancer. Heavy alcohol consumption (choice
B) is linked to increased risk of liver and esophageal cancer, not colon cancer. Saccharin consumption (choice
D) has not been definitively linked to colon cancer. In summary, obesity is the most relevant risk factor for colon cancer among the choices provided.