ATI RN
mcgraw hill microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following bacteria is responsible for causing the plague?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Yersinia pestis. Y. pestis is responsible for causing the plague, a severe infectious disease. This bacterium is transmitted via fleas from rodents to humans. It causes bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague. Clostridium difficile causes gastrointestinal infections, Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhea, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause various infections but not the plague.
Question 2 of 5
The polymerase chain reaction CAN NOT be applied:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C:
To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms. PCR is not suitable for determining antibiotic susceptibility as it is a technique used to amplify DNA/RNA, not to test for antibiotic resistance.
To prove latent infection (
A), PCR can be used to detect low levels of pathogens. For rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases (
B), PCR is commonly used due to its sensitivity and specificity.
To demonstrate DNA and RNA molecules (
D), PCR is ideal as it can amplify and detect specific sequences.
Therefore, choice C is incorrect as PCR is not designed for determining antibiotic susceptibility.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following bacteria are capable of producing an exotoxin that causes severe diarrhea?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all three bacteria mentioned (Clostridium botulinum, Vibrio cholerae, and Escherichia coli) are capable of producing exotoxins that cause severe diarrhea. Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum toxin leading to botulism, Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin causing cholera, and some strains of Escherichia coli produce enterotoxins causing severe diarrhea.
Choices A, B, and C alone are incorrect because each of them can produce exotoxins that cause severe diarrhea.
Question 4 of 5
The bacteria that cause Lyme disease is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria responsible for causing Lyme disease. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks. Treponema pallidum causes syphilis, Leptospira interrogans causes leptospirosis, and Rickettsia rickettsii causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Borrelia burgdorferi is specifically associated with Lyme disease due to its transmission through tick bites and the characteristic symptoms it causes.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following eyewash/safety showers should be used for immediate flushing only, until the victim reaches another safety unit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Personal eyewash. Personal eyewash is designed for immediate flushing until the victim reaches a more suitable safety unit. It provides a controlled flow of water to safely flush eyes while transporting the victim. The emergency shower (
A) is meant for full-body coverage, not just for the eyes. Handheld drench hose (
C) may not provide adequate flushing pressure. Combination unit (
D) may not be easily portable for immediate use.