ATI RN
mcgraw hill microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most common congenital infection worldwide is due to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: CMV (Cytomegalovirus). CMV is the most common congenital infection worldwide due to its high prevalence and ability to be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy. It can lead to serious complications such as hearing loss, developmental delays, and vision problems in newborns. Listeria monocytogenes (
B) is a foodborne pathogen, not typically associated with congenital infections. Rubella Virus (
C) can cause congenital rubella syndrome but is less common globally compared to CMV. Syphilis (
D) can also be transmitted from mother to fetus, but its prevalence and impact on congenital infections are lower compared to CMV.
Question 2 of 5
The colonies of the fungi that grow on solid media are called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mycelium. Mycelium refers to the network of branching filaments that form the main body of a fungus. When fungi grow on solid media, they develop a visible mass of mycelium. Hyphae (
A) are the individual filaments that make up mycelium. Spores (
C) are reproductive cells produced by fungi. Columella (
D) refers to a specialized structure found in some fungi but is not related to the colonies grown on solid media.
Therefore, the correct term for the colonies of fungi on solid media is mycelium.
Question 3 of 5
What is the function of bacterial flagella?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Motility. Bacterial flagella function in providing motility to bacteria, allowing them to move towards nutrients or away from harmful substances. Flagella are long, whip-like appendages that rotate to propel the bacteria through their environment.
Incorrect choices:
A: Protein synthesis - Bacterial flagella are not involved in protein synthesis.
C: Adhesion to surfaces - While some bacteria use flagella for attachment, their main function is not adhesion.
D: DNA replication - Flagella do not play a role in DNA replication, which occurs in the bacterial cell's nucleus.
Question 4 of 5
Transcription of viral nucleic acid to mRNA is not needed in the case of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Positive strand RNA viruses. These viruses have RNA genomes that can be directly translated by host ribosomes without the need for transcription. In contrast, single-strand DNA and double-strand DNA viruses require transcription to generate mRNA for translation.
Choice A is incorrect as there is a correct answer.
Choice B and C are incorrect because both single-strand DNA and double-strand DNA viruses require transcription for mRNA synthesis.
Question 5 of 5
An outbreak of food poisoning was recorded in an urban settlement. The illness was diagnosed as botulism on the grounds of clinical presentations. What foodstuffs should be chosen for analysis in the first place in order to confirm the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tinned food. Botulism is often caused by the botulinum toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which can be present in improperly canned foods. Analyzing tinned food allows for direct detection of the toxin or bacteria, confirming the diagnosis. Potatoes, pasteurized milk, and boiled meat are less likely sources of botulism compared to tinned food, making them less suitable for initial analysis in this case.