ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a school-age child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day B. Your child should decrease dietary fats to less than 10% of their caloric intake C. Your child will need to take a 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily throughout their lifetime D. You should calculate your child's carbohydrate needs based on their daily activities

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The parent should provide a well-balanced diet that is high in protein and calories for a child with cystic fibrosis. This diet helps meet the child's increased energy requirements. Offering high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day is essential to ensure adequate nutrition and energy intake for children with cystic fibrosis.

Question 2 of 5

Which statement made by a parent of a child with nephrotic syndrome indicates an understanding of discharge teaching?

A. I will make sure he gets his measles vaccine as soon as he gets home. B. He can stop taking his medication next week. C. I should check his urine for protein when he goes to the bathroom. D. He should eat a low-protein diet for the next few weeks.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome, monitoring urine for protein is essential as it helps track the child's condition. Checking urine for protein should be done as part of the discharge teaching to keep a record of the child's urinary proteins and to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment plan. It is crucial for parents to understand this aspect of care to ensure proper management of the child's condition.

Question 3 of 5

A child with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Administer meperidine for pain. B. Apply cold compresses to the child's joints. C. Limit the child's fluid intake. D. Maintain bed rest for the child.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell anemia, maintaining bed rest is crucial to reduce oxygen consumption and alleviate pain. Movement can worsen the crisis by increasing sickling of red blood cells, leading to further tissue damage and pain. Bed rest helps to improve blood flow, reduce pain, and promote healing.

Question 4 of 5

What is the most appropriate nursing consideration for a patient who is prescribed verapamil and digoxin?

A. Restrict intake of oral fluids and high-fiber foods B. Take an apical pulse for 30 seconds before administration C. Notify the healthcare provider of nausea, vomiting, and visual changes D. Hold the medications if the heart rate is greater than 110 bpm

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient is prescribed verapamil and digoxin, it is crucial to monitor for signs of digoxin toxicity due to the potential interaction between these medications. Verapamil can elevate digoxin blood serum levels, increasing the risk of toxicity. Symptoms of digoxin toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and visual changes. Restricting intake of oral fluids and high-fiber foods is not a specific consideration related to this medication combination. Before administering digoxin, it is essential to take an apical pulse for a full minute, not just 30 seconds. Additionally, holding the medications if the heart rate exceeds 110 bpm is not a typical response to the combination of verapamil and digoxin, which can cause bradycardia rather than tachycardia.

Question 5 of 5

A patient develops hypotension, laryngeal edema, and bronchospasm after eating peanuts. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

A. Promethazine B. Epinephrine C. Diphenhydramine D. Hydroxyzine

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient is exhibiting symptoms of anaphylaxis triggered by a peanut allergy, which is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. The appropriate medication for anaphylaxis is epinephrine. Epinephrine acts quickly to reverse the symptoms by constricting blood vessels, relaxing bronchial muscles, and reducing laryngeal edema, making it the drug of choice for this situation. Promethazine, diphenhydramine, and hydroxyzine are not the first-line treatments for anaphylaxis and may not address the severe manifestations seen in this case.

Nurselytic

ATI RN

ATI RN