Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to report the behavior to the supervisor. Proper hand hygiene is essential in preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. By reporting the observed behavior to the supervisor, the nurse is prioritizing patient safety and promoting a culture of accountability. Ignoring the behavior (
Choice
A) can put patients at risk, discussing it with other colleagues (
Choice
B) may not address the issue effectively, and confronting the colleague directly (
Choice
C) might not be the most appropriate initial step and could lead to conflicts rather than a constructive resolution.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Caring for a patient with tuberculosis requires the nurse to use an N95 respirator, gown, gloves, and eyewear to protect against airborne transmission of the disease.
Choice B and D are incorrect because while communication signs for precautions are important, the essential items needed for caring for a patient with tuberculosis are personal protective equipment to prevent transmission.
Choice C is also incorrect as negative-pressure airflow in the room is a facility-related requirement and not an item carried by the nurse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to administer an antiemetic as prescribed. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be distressing for patients. Administering an antiemetic helps alleviate these symptoms effectively.
Choice B, encouraging the patient to eat small, frequent meals, may be helpful for other gastrointestinal issues but is not the priority when the patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting.
Choice C, providing anti-nausea wristbands, may offer some relief but is not as direct and immediate as administering an antiemetic.
Choice D, encouraging the patient to rest after eating, is not the priority in this situation where the focus should be on managing the nausea and vomiting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teaching the patient to select nutritious foods. A nutritious diet plays a crucial role in strengthening the body's immune system, making it more capable of fighting off infections. Vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients found in healthy foods support immune function and overall health. Teaching the patient about taking a temperature (choice
A) may be important for monitoring for signs of infection but does not directly decrease the risk of infection. Teaching about the effects of alcohol (choice
C) and fall prevention (choice
D) are important aspects of patient education but are not directly related to decreasing the risk of infection in a susceptible patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the event of poisoning, the recommended first action is to call the poison control center. Poison control specialists can provide immediate guidance on how to manage the situation effectively. Bringing the child to the emergency department (
Choice
B) may be necessary depending on the severity of the poisoning, but contacting poison control first is crucial for appropriate and timely intervention. Inducing vomiting (
Choice
C) is not advised in all cases of poisoning and should only be done under the guidance of healthcare professionals. Calling an ambulance (
Choice
D) may be necessary in some severe cases, but the initial step should be to contact poison control for expert advice.