ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
While on pentamidine (Pentam) infusion therapy. The nurse must anticipate doing which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentamidine (Pentam) infusion therapy is associated with potential ocular toxicities, including retinal damage.
Therefore, the nurse must closely monitor the client for signs and symptoms of retinal damage during the therapy. These may include changes in visual acuity, blurred vision, floaters, or any other visual disturbances. Timely detection of retinal damage is crucial for preventing further complications and ensuring appropriate management.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who is taking amitriptyline (Elavil) reports constipation and dry mouth. The patient notes that these
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The common side effects of amitriptyline (Elavil) include constipation and dry mouth. Increasing fluid intake can help alleviate these symptoms. Adequate hydration can aid in promoting bowel regularity and relieving dry mouth. It is important for the nurse to give the patient instructions to increase their fluid intake to manage these side effects rather than immediately discontinuing the medication or requesting a change in antidepressants. If the constipation and dry mouth persist or worsen despite increasing fluid intake, then the provider may need to be notified for further evaluation and management.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs is likely to increase the plasma lithium concentration if co-prescribed to a patient on chronic lithium therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium levels rise with drugs reducing renal clearance or altering metabolism. St John's wort induces CYP enzymes, potentially lowering lithium (not renally metabolized). Ibuprofen, an NSAID, reduces renal lithium excretion by inhibiting prostaglandins, increasing plasma levels, a well-known interaction. Phenytoin induces metabolism but doesn't affect lithium's renal clearance. Haloperidol and sertraline have minimal pharmacokinetic impact on lithium. Ibuprofen's effect necessitates monitoring, as elevated lithium risks toxicity (e.g., tremor, confusion), critical in bipolar management.
Question 4 of 5
The client takes a bisphosphonate for osteoporosis. Which assessment is best in determining the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate) halt bone loss-bone density scans measure improvement, per efficacy standard. Calcium levels don't reflect bone strength. Fractures or pain absence helps but isn't direct-density shows progress, per treatment.
Question 5 of 5
What is the maximal response a drug can produce?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Efficacy refers to the maximal response a drug can produce, regardless of the dose. It is a measure of how well a drug can produce its desired effect. Potency, on the other hand, refers to the amount of drug required to produce a specific effect and is not related to the maximal response. An agonist is a drug that binds to and activates a receptor. Bioavailability is the fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation.