Human Growth and Development Exam 1 - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A baby born between the seventh and eighth months of pregnancy is considered premature. Premature babies are born before they are fully developed and may need assistance with breathing, including oxygen. They are at a higher risk for complications compared to full-term babies.
Choice A is incorrect because premature babies are at a higher risk for health issues compared to full-term babies.
Choice C is incorrect as modern medical advancements have significantly increased the survival rate of premature babies.
Choice D is incorrect as being small-for-date does not solely depend on the gestational age at birth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Anesthetics, such as epidurals, are a strong type of painkiller used in labor and delivery that block sensation. They work by numbing the nerves in the lower part of the spine, providing pain relief during childbirth.
Choice B, Analgesics, are pain relievers that reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness, but they are not as strong as anesthetics for labor pain.
Choice C, Anti-inflammatories, are medications that reduce inflammation and do not directly block sensation like anesthetics.
Choice D, Folic acids, are a type of B vitamin crucial for cell growth and metabolism, not used as painkillers in labor and delivery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Research on newborn taste preferences has found that not until around 4 months of age do babies start to show a preference for a salty taste over plain water. This indicates that newborns do have some ability to distinguish tastes, contrary to the statement in option A. The statement in option C that newborns prefer the taste of formula to breast milk is not supported by research on newborn taste preferences. Option D, stating that babies relax their facial muscles in response to sour tastes, is also not a supported statement regarding newborn taste preferences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lily weighed 8 pounds and was 21 inches long at birth. Being both heavier and longer than average babies typically are at birth, Lily would be considered heavier and longer compared to the average baby. This makes choice B, 'heavier and longer,' the correct answer.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Lily was not shorter or lighter than the average baby at birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The lifespan perspective on human development assumes that development is multidimensional and multidirectional. This means that development occurs in various domains (such as physical, cognitive, and psychosocial) and can involve gains and losses as individuals age. This perspective recognizes that human development is complex and dynamic, involving various factors and pathways over the course of a person's life.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because human development is not static and stable (
A), can involve both continuous and discontinuous changes (
C), and is influenced by a combination of heredity and environment rather than solely by heredity (
D).