health assessment in nursing test bank -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Losing weight and increasing physical activity help manage blood pressure by reducing excess body weight, improving heart function, and enhancing blood flow. This leads to lower blood pressure levels.
A: Increasing sodium intake would worsen hypertension by promoting fluid retention and raising blood pressure.
C: Consuming more processed foods often includes high levels of sodium, unhealthy fats, and additives that can negatively impact blood pressure.
D: Limiting fluid intake is not a primary lifestyle change for managing hypertension; adequate fluid intake is important for overall health and blood pressure regulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Jaundice. Patients with chronic liver disease are at risk for developing jaundice due to impaired liver function leading to the accumulation of bilirubin. Jaundice is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Monitoring for jaundice is crucial as it indicates worsening liver function.

Incorrect choices:
A: Hypoglycemia - Not directly related to chronic liver disease, more commonly seen in diabetes.
B: Hyperglycemia - Not typically associated with chronic liver disease unless the patient has underlying diabetes.
D: Anemia - Can be a complication of chronic liver disease, but monitoring for jaundice takes priority due to its direct association with liver dysfunction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It is the most important nursing priority after hip replacement surgery because patients are at high risk for DVT due to immobility and altered blood flow. DVT can lead to serious complications like pulmonary embolism. Monitoring for infection (
B) is important but preventing DVT takes precedence. Managing pain (
A) is essential but not the top priority. Ensuring proper positioning (
D) is important for preventing complications, but DVT prevention is more critical post-hip replacement surgery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a family history of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes can provide crucial information about potential genetic predispositions and health risks for the patient. This information helps the nurse assess the patient's risk factors and tailor preventative measures or interventions accordingly.


Choice B is incorrect as siblings' hobbies and interests are not relevant to the patient's medical history.
Choice C is incorrect as the father's occupation does not directly impact the patient's health risks.
Choice D is incorrect as the patient's favorite sports team is not relevant to assessing the patient's family history for health-related issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreasing intake of trans fats. Trans fats are known to increase LDL cholesterol levels, which are considered "bad" cholesterol. By reducing trans fats in the diet, the patient can lower their cholesterol levels. Saturated fats (choice
A) can also increase LDL cholesterol, so increasing intake is not beneficial. Dietary fiber (choice
B) helps lower cholesterol by binding to cholesterol in the digestive system, so decreasing intake would not be beneficial. Processed sugars (choice
D) do not directly impact cholesterol levels, so increasing intake would not help lower cholesterol. Overall, choosing option C is the most effective dietary change for managing high cholesterol.