Midwifery Exam Practice Questions -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because living wills are typically not honored for terminally ill patients with impaired cognition. Firstly, living wills require the patient to be of sound mind to make decisions. Secondly, in the case of a cognitively impaired patient, their ability to express their wishes and understand the implications may be compromised.
Therefore, healthcare providers may not be able to honor the living will accurately.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because
A) competency can be determined by healthcare professionals,
B) impaired cognition can lead to incompetence, and
D) informed consent requires the patient to understand the decision-making process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because establishing an intravenous line is essential for immediate access to administer fluids, medications, and blood products during the emergency cesarean section. This step ensures that the patient's vital signs can be supported, and any emergent interventions can be readily delivered.

A: While informed consent is important, in an emergency situation, the priority is to ensure the patient's immediate medical needs are met.
B: Inserting a Foley's catheter may be necessary during the procedure, but it is not the most critical assessment prior to the cesarean section.
D: Shaving the perineal area is not a priority in an emergency situation and may be done during the preparation for surgery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep client well hydrated. Encouraging plenty of fluids helps prevent dehydration, maintain adequate urine output, and promote flushing of the urinary tract to prevent infections, all crucial for postnatal clients with urinary tract trauma. Proper hydration also supports overall health and aids in the healing process.

B: Maintain proper fluid balance - While important, the main aim is to keep the client well hydrated to support healing.

C: Facilitate proper healing - Proper hydration does facilitate healing, but the primary aim is to keep the client well hydrated.

D: Control growth of organisms - While hydration can help in preventing infections, the main aim is to keep the client well hydrated.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tympany. Tenderness to percussion is analogous to tympany as both indicate the presence of gas-filled structures. When a patient experiences tenderness to percussion in the abdomen, it suggests that there is gas or air present in the abdomen, leading to a hollow, drum-like sound upon percussion, which is characteristic of tympany. Guarding (
B) is the involuntary contraction of abdominal muscles to protect the underlying organs, not related to percussion. Rebound tenderness (
C) is the pain experienced when pressure is released during palpation, not percussion. Somatic pain (
D) refers to pain originating from the skin, muscles, or bones, not related to percussion findings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct:
1. The ACCF/AHA recommends cardiac consultation before an operation for patients on antiplatelet therapy to assess the risk of bleeding versus thrombotic events.
2. Cardiac consultation helps determine the necessity of continuing, modifying, or stopping antiplatelet therapy.
3. This individualized approach ensures optimal perioperative management based on the patient's cardiovascular risk profile.
4.
Choice A is incorrect as stopping antiplatelet therapy for 10 days can increase the risk of thrombotic events.
5.
Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the decision-making process without considering the patient's specific risks.
6.
Choice D is incorrect because initiating antiplatelet therapy in all high-risk cardiac procedures may not be necessary for every patient.