Pediatric Nurse Exam Sample Questions -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is
D) disrupted attachment and routines around eating and sleeping. When a 2-year-old child is exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) between their parents, it can have profound effects on their emotional and psychological well-being. Disrupted attachment patterns can occur as the child may struggle to form secure attachments with their caregivers due to the trauma they are experiencing at home. This can lead to difficulties in regulating emotions and forming healthy relationships in the future. Additionally, the instability and stress caused by IPV can disrupt the child's routines around eating and sleeping, impacting their overall development and well-being.

Option
A) conduct disorder is less likely in this scenario as conduct disorder typically presents with persistent patterns of behavior that violate the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms. While exposure to IPV can contribute to behavioral issues, conduct disorder is not the most likely problem in this case.

Option
B) low self-esteem may also be a consequence of exposure to IPV, but disrupted attachment and routines around eating and sleeping are more immediate concerns that directly impact the child's daily functioning and development.

Option
C) regression, which refers to reverting to earlier developmental stages in response to stress, may occur in some children exposed to IPV, but it is not as directly linked to the long-term impact on attachment and routines as disrupted attachment and routines around eating and sleeping.

Educationally, understanding the impact of IPV on children is crucial for healthcare professionals working with pediatric populations. By recognizing the potential effects of trauma on attachment, routines, and overall well-being, nurses can provide appropriate support, interventions, and referrals to help mitigate the negative consequences of exposure to IPV in young children.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In managing Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in pediatric patients, the primary treatment goal is to achieve comprehensive care that addresses various aspects of the condition. The correct answer, option D - All of the above, is the most appropriate because a holistic approach is necessary in managing SLE in children.

Reducing symptoms is crucial to improve the child's well-being and prevent long-term complications. Preventing flares helps in maintaining disease control and reducing the impact of SLE on the child's daily life and overall health. Improving the quality of life is essential to ensure that the child can lead a fulfilling and functional life despite having SLE.

Option A, reducing symptoms, is a part of the treatment goal but focusing solely on symptom management may not address the underlying disease process adequately. Option B, preventing flares, is crucial in maintaining disease stability but does not encompass the broader goal of improving the child's overall quality of life. Option C, improving quality of life, is an important aspect of care but may not be sufficient if symptoms are not adequately controlled or flares are not prevented.

In an educational context, understanding the comprehensive approach to managing pediatric SLE is essential for pediatric nurses. By prioritizing all aspects of care - symptom reduction, flare prevention, and quality of life improvement - nurses can provide effective, patient-centered care that addresses the unique needs of children with SLE. This question highlights the importance of a holistic approach in pediatric nursing and emphasizes the multifaceted nature of managing chronic conditions like SLE in children.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pediatric nursing, understanding drug contraindications is crucial for safe and effective patient care. In this scenario, the correct answer is
B) Aspirin. Aspirin is contraindicated in patients with gout because it can interfere with uric acid excretion, exacerbating gout symptoms and potentially leading to acute attacks.

Allopurinol (option
A) is actually used to treat gout by reducing uric acid levels in the blood. Colchicine (option
C) is also a medication used to treat acute gout attacks. Prednisone (option
D) is a corticosteroid that can be used to reduce inflammation during gout attacks.

Educationally, this question highlights the importance of medication knowledge, contraindications, and the impact of drugs on specific conditions like gout. Understanding these principles is essential for pediatric nurses to provide safe and effective care to pediatric patients with various health conditions. It also emphasizes the need for critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills when making medication-related decisions in pediatric nursing practice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hydroxychloroquine is a medication commonly used in pediatric patients for various conditions like juvenile arthritis and lupus. One of the most significant side effects of hydroxychloroquine is retinopathy, which can lead to irreversible vision loss if not monitored closely. This is why regular eye exams are crucial for patients on this medication.

Nausea is a common side effect of hydroxychloroquine, especially when starting the medication, but it typically improves over time and can be managed with anti-nausea medications. Hair loss is not a common side effect of hydroxychloroquine and is more commonly associated with other medications like chemotherapy drugs.

Educationally, it is important for pediatric nurses to be aware of the potential side effects of medications commonly used in pediatric populations. Understanding these side effects allows nurses to monitor patients effectively, educate families on what to expect, and intervene promptly if needed. In the case of hydroxychloroquine, recognizing retinopathy as a potential side effect is critical for preventing serious complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Takayasu arteritis is a rare autoimmune disease that primarily affects the aorta and its main branches. The correct answer is
D) All of the above because Takayasu arteritis can present with a variety of symptoms, including pulselessness due to arterial narrowing and occlusion, hypertension caused by inflammation of the arterial walls leading to narrowing of the vessels and increased resistance, and fatigue as a result of reduced blood flow and tissue perfusion.

Option
A) Pulselessness is a common feature of Takayasu arteritis due to arterial involvement leading to decreased or absent pulses in affected areas.

Option
B) Hypertension is also a common feature as inflammation of the arterial walls can lead to narrowing and increased resistance, resulting in elevated blood pressure.

Option
C) Fatigue can occur in Takayasu arteritis due to reduced blood flow to tissues and organs, leading to decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery, resulting in fatigue and weakness.

In an educational context, understanding the common features of Takayasu arteritis is important for pediatric nurses to recognize early signs and symptoms, initiate appropriate assessments and interventions, and provide comprehensive care to pediatric patients with this condition. Recognition of these symptoms can help in early diagnosis, management, and improving outcomes for children affected by Takayasu arteritis.