Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Caseous necrosis is characteristic of tuberculosis, where the tissue has a soft, cheese-like appearance. Coagulative necrosis involves protein denaturation, liquefactive necrosis is seen in brain infarcts and abscesses, and autonecrosis is not a recognized term in pathology, making them incorrect choices in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) can cause breakthrough bleeding or spotting, which is a common side effect of this medication.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because weight gain, increased risk of diabetes, and increased risk of breast cancer are not commonly associated side effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate.
Therefore, the nurse should focus on educating the patient about the potential for breakthrough bleeding or spotting.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, especially in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease.
Choice B is incorrect because HRT is not typically used to decrease the risk of osteoporosis.
Choice C is incorrect as mood and energy level improvements are not the primary risks associated with HRT.
Choice D is incorrect because HRT may actually increase the risk of breast cancer in some individuals.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A rash from poison ivy is an example of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are delayed cell-mediated immune responses involving T cells. This type of reaction is characterized by a delayed onset, typically occurring 48-72 hours after exposure to the antigen.
Choice A, Type I hypersensitivity reactions, are immediate hypersensitivity reactions mediated by IgE antibodies.

Choices B and C, Type II and Type III hypersensitivity reactions, involve antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and immune complex deposition, respectively, which are not characteristic of poison ivy-induced rashes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Astrocytes play a crucial role in supporting and nourishing neurons by providing metabolic support, maintaining the blood-brain barrier, and regulating the chemical environment of the brain. While astrocytes are essential for brain function, they are not neurons and do not transmit electrical signals (
Choice
B). Astrocytes are not primarily involved in immune responses in the brain (
Choice
C) or in regulating blood flow in the brain (
Choice
D), although they indirectly influence blood flow through their support functions.