ATI Capstone Medical Surgical Assessment 1 Quizlet - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flattened T waves on an ECG. Hypokalemia is characterized by flattened T waves on an ECG, which is an early indicator of low potassium levels. Elevated ST segments (
Choice
B) are associated with conditions like myocardial infarction, not hypokalemia. Prominent U waves (
Choice
C) are typically seen in hypokalemia, but flattened T waves are more specific. Bradycardia (
Choice
D) can be a manifestation of severe hypokalemia but is not as specific as flattened T waves on an ECG.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct manifestations of increased intracranial pressure (IICP) include restlessness, confusion, and irritability. These symptoms are a result of the brain being under pressure inside the skull. Severe nausea and vomiting (
Choice
B) are more commonly associated with increased intracranial pressure in children. Elevated blood pressure and bradycardia (
Choice
C) are not typical manifestations of increased intracranial pressure; instead, hypertension and bradycardia may be seen in Cushing's reflex, which is a late sign of increased IICP. Decreased heart rate and altered pupil response (
Choice
D) are also not primary manifestations of increased intracranial pressure, although altered pupil response, like a non-reactive or dilated pupil, can be seen in some cases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Administering sublingual nitroglycerin is the priority intervention when a patient presents with chest pain and suspected acute coronary syndrome. Nitroglycerin helps dilate blood vessels, improve blood flow to the heart, and relieve chest pain. It is crucial to address the pain and potential ischemia promptly to prevent further cardiac tissue damage. Getting IV access, auscultating heart sounds, and obtaining cardiac enzymes are important assessments and interventions, but administering nitroglycerin takes precedence in managing acute coronary syndrome.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A CD4 T-cell count below 180 cells/mm³ indicates a severely immunocompromised state, leading to an increased risk of severe infection. In individuals with low CD4 counts, the immune system is significantly weakened, making them more susceptible to opportunistic infections. Anemia (choice
B), bleeding (choice
C), and dehydration (choice
D) are not the primary concerns associated with a low CD4 T-cell count. While these conditions may occur as secondary effects or complications, the primary focus is on preventing and managing severe infections in patients with severely compromised immune systems.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Restlessness, irritability, and confusion are early signs of increased intracranial pressure (IICP). These symptoms occur due to the brain's increased pressure within the skull. Sudden onset of seizures (
Choice
B) is not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. Bradycardia and altered pupil response (
Choice
C) are signs of advanced or worsening IICP. Loss of consciousness (
Choice
D) is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure.