ATI RN
microbiology chapter 13 test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
During sanitary and bacteriological examination of air in a drugstore it was revealed that the air had high concentration of sanitary meaningful microorganisms. What microorganisms are these?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus. These microorganisms are commonly found in high concentrations during sanitary and bacteriological examination of air in a drugstore due to their prevalence in the environment. Staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus are known to be significant pathogens that can cause various infections in humans.
Rationale:
1. Staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus are common pathogens found in the environment and can easily contaminate air in enclosed spaces like a drugstore.
2. Both microorganisms are considered to be of sanitary significance as they can cause infections and are indicators of poor hygiene and sanitation.
3. Diphtheritic and tuberculous bacilli (
Choice
B) are not typically associated with air contamination in a drugstore setting.
4. Colibacilli and blue pus bacilli (
Choice
C) are more commonly found in fecal
Question 2 of 5
Which bacteria is responsible for causing the disease known as cholera?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vibrio cholerae. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae, a bacterium that produces a toxin leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration. Clostridium botulinum (
A) causes botulism, Salmonella enterica (
C) causes salmonellosis, and Escherichia coli (
D) can cause various illnesses but not cholera. Vibrio cholerae is the only bacteria specifically known for causing cholera.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements is NOT true about influenza viruses?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because there is specific prophylaxis available for influenza, such as the flu vaccine.
Choice A is incorrect as influenza viruses are not spherical, they are typically pleomorphic.
Choice B is incorrect because hemagglutinin and neuraminidase are indeed antigenically variable, contributing to the need for annual flu vaccines.
Choice C is incorrect as the susceptibility of the population to influenza viruses can vary depending on factors such as immunity and vaccination status.
Question 4 of 5
Lytic life cycle of phages does not include
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: germination. In the lytic life cycle of phages, germination is not a stage. The lytic cycle involves adsorption, penetration, replication, assembly, and lysis. Germination is typically associated with the lysogenic cycle, where the phage DNA integrates into the host genome.
Therefore, A is the correct answer.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are all stages of the lytic cycle. Penetration refers to the injection of phage DNA into the host cell, adsorption is the attachment of the phage to the host cell, and lysis is the final stage where the host cell bursts, releasing new phages.
Question 5 of 5
Langerhans cells, which play a role in defense against microbes, are located in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: epidermis. Langerhans cells are a type of immune cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. They play a crucial role in the defense against microbes by capturing and presenting antigens to activate the immune system. The dermis (
B), hypodermis (
C), and subcutaneous layer (
D) are located deeper in the skin and do not contain Langerhans cells.
Therefore, the epidermis is the correct location for these immune cells to carry out their defensive functions.