ATI RN
basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most common reason for hospitalization in older adults?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pneumonia. Older adults are more susceptible to pneumonia due to weakened immune systems and underlying health conditions. Pneumonia can lead to severe complications, requiring hospitalization. Osteoarthritis (
A) primarily affects joints and does not typically lead to hospitalization. Stroke (
B) and heart failure (
D) are serious conditions but may not be as common for hospitalization as pneumonia in older adults. Pneumonia's impact on the respiratory system and its ability to progress rapidly make it the most common reason for hospitalization in this population.
Question 2 of 5
A 78 yr old female presents to the ED with complaints of nausea and sudden onset shortness of breath. The initial workup includes ____________.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, EKG and serial enzymes for determination of an MI. In this scenario, the patient's symptoms of nausea and sudden onset shortness of breath raise concern for a possible myocardial infarction (MI). Conducting an EKG and serial enzymes helps in diagnosing an MI by assessing for cardiac ischemia or injury. Upper endoscopy (choice
A) is not indicated for these symptoms. A CT of the head (choice
B) is unnecessary as the symptoms are suggestive of a cardiac issue, not a neurological one. Liver function studies (choice
C) do not align with the presenting symptoms and are not a priority in this acute setting. Conducting an EKG and serial enzymes is the most appropriate initial workup to assess for a possible MI in this elderly patient with concerning symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
What is the most common type of vision impairment in older adults?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cataracts. Cataracts are the most common type of vision impairment in older adults due to the clouding of the eye's lens. As people age, proteins in the lens can clump together, leading to vision issues. Glaucoma (
B) is characterized by damage to the optic nerve, AMD (
C) affects the macula in the retina, and diabetic retinopathy (
D) is a complication of diabetes affecting blood vessels in the retina. However, cataracts are the primary cause of vision impairment in older adults due to the natural aging process of the eye.
Question 4 of 5
In managing frailty, what is the most important factor for improving strength and overall function in older adults?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Certainly! Regular strength training exercises are crucial for improving strength and overall function in older adults with frailty. Strength training helps build muscle mass, improve balance, and increase mobility, leading to enhanced functional abilities. It also helps prevent falls and maintain independence. High-protein diet (
A) supports muscle health but alone is not sufficient. Medication management (
B) is important but not the primary factor for physical function. Limiting physical activity (
D) can worsen frailty by causing deconditioning and loss of muscle strength.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse who volunteers at a senior citizens' center is planning activities for the members. What activity would best promote health and maintenance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because walking is a physical activity that promotes cardiovascular health, strength, and overall well-being. Regular exercise like walking 3-5 times per week for 30 minutes can help improve circulation, maintain healthy weight, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Cooking healthy meals (choice
B) is important for nutrition but may not directly promote physical activity. Reading and knitting (choice
C) are mentally stimulating but do not provide the physical benefits of exercise. Taking vitamins daily (choice
D) is important for overall health but does not substitute for physical activity.