ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a potential nursing diagnosis for a patient taking antihypertensive medications because certain classes of antihypertensive drugs, such as beta blockers and thiazide diuretics, have been known to cause sexual side effects. These effects may include erectile dysfunction in men and decreased libido or altered menstrual cycles in women. It is important for nurses to assess and address any sexual dysfunction concerns in patients on antihypertensive medications to improve quality of life and adherence to treatment. Diarrhea, urge urinary incontinence, and impaired memory are not typically associated with antihypertensive medications and would not be as relevant in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
What is the therapeutic use for Lithium?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium is primarily used in the treatment of bipolar disorder to decrease the incidence of acute manic episodes. It helps to stabilize mood and prevent the extreme highs (manic episodes) associated with bipolar disorder. Lithium is not used to decrease blood pressure, seizure activity, or increase urinary output.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is evaluating a client who is HIV positive who is prescribed with pentamidine (Pentam) IV for
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Redness and pain at the site of the infusion are important signs of a potential infiltration or extravasation of the medication, in this case pentamidine (Pentam) IV. Pentamidine is an antimicrobial medication used to treat and prevent Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in patients who are immunocompromised, such as those with HIV. Infiltration or extravasation of IV medications can lead to significant tissue damage, necrosis, and other complications.
Therefore, it is crucial to immediately address any signs of redness and pain at the infusion site to prevent further harm to the patient. This assessment finding should be promptly relayed to the physician for appropriate management, which may include discontinuation of the infusion, monitoring for complications, and providing alternative treatments if necessary. The other assessment findings (blood pressure of 100/62 mm/Hg
Question 4 of 5
Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for maintaining sleep and wakefulness?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The reticular activating system (RAS) in the brainstem regulates sleep-wake cycles, promoting alertness or rest, per neurophysiology. The cortex processes thought, not cycles. The limbic system drives emotion, not sleep directly. The cerebellum coordinates movement. RAS's role is central, controlling consciousness states.
Question 5 of 5
The following drugs undergo phase II metabolism by hepatic acetylation enzymes (N-acetyltransferases):
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isoniazid undergoes phase II acetylation via hepatic N-acetyltransferases, and the rate of metabolism can vary between slow and fast acetylators.