ATI RN
ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 5
The primary critical observation for Apgar scoring is the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary critical observation for Apgar scoring is the heart rate. This is because the heart rate is vital for life and immediate assessment of the infant's heart rate provides crucial information about the baby's overall well-being and response to the birthing process. The Apgar score assesses five components: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and skin color. Among these components, the heart rate is considered the most critical because it directly reflects the infant's cardiovascular status and their ability to maintain adequate perfusion of vital organs.
Therefore, for quick assessment and immediate intervention, the heart rate is prioritized as the primary observation in Apgar scoring.
Question 2 of 5
An insulin-dependent diabetic delivered a 10-pound male. When the baby is brought to the nursery, the priority of care is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The priority of care when a baby born to an insulin-dependent diabetic mother is brought to the nursery is to check the baby's serum glucose level and administer glucose if it is less than 40 mg/dL. Babies born to diabetic mothers, especially those with poorly controlled blood sugar levels, are at risk for hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) due to the sudden drop in glucose supply after delivery. Hypoglycemia can be dangerous for newborns and can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
Therefore, monitoring the baby's serum glucose levels and providing appropriate intervention, such as administering glucose if necessary, is critical to ensure the baby's well-being.
Question 3 of 5
A child is diagnosed with Wilms' tumor. During assessment, the nurse in charge expects to detect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a child with Wilms' tumor, the nurse would expect to detect an abdominal mass upon assessment. Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a type of kidney cancer that commonly presents as a firm, non-tender abdominal mass. This mass may be felt upon palpation of the abdomen. Gross hematuria (
A) is not a typical finding associated with Wilms' tumor. Dysuria (
B) is the term used to describe painful or difficult urination and is not a characteristic symptom of Wilms' tumor. Nausea and vomiting (
C) are also not commonly associated with Wilms' tumor, unless the tumor is causing obstruction or compression of nearby structures in the abdomen.
Question 4 of 5
Patient S is a sexually active adolescent; which of the following instructions would be included in the preventive teaching plan about urinary tract infections?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Drinking acidic juices, such as cranberry juice, can help make the urine more acidic, which can potentially prevent bacteria from sticking to the urinary tract walls and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. It is important to note that while acidic juices can be beneficial in some cases, they should not be relied upon as the sole preventive measure for UTIs. Other important preventive measures include staying hydrated, practicing good hygiene, and urinating before and after intercourse.
Question 5 of 5
Justine is admitted to the pediatric unit due to the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis signaling a new diagnosis of diabetes. The diabetes team explores the cause of the episode and take steps to prevent a recurrence. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) results from an excessive accumulation of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A) is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when there is not enough insulin in the body. In the absence of sufficient insulin, the body is unable to use glucose for energy, leading to the breakdown of fats for fuel. This results in the excessive production of ketone bodies, specifically acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. As the ketone bodies accumulate in the blood, they lower the blood pH, leading to acidosis. This is what causes the characteristic symptoms of DKA, such as fruity breath, deep rapid breathing, and abdominal pain.
Therefore, the excessive accumulation of ketone bodies from fat metabolism is the primary cause of diabetic ketoacidosis.