ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Alendronate to treat osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction is to take Alendronate with a full glass of water after rising in the morning. This helps reduce the risk of esophageal irritation, as the medication can cause irritation if not taken correctly. Taking it before bedtime (choice
C) can increase the risk of irritation as the individual lies down. Lying down after taking the medication (choice
B) can also lead to esophageal irritation. Crushing the tablet (choice
D) is not recommended as Alendronate should be taken whole with a full glass of water.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving thrombolytic therapy, and the nurse monitors the patient for adverse effects. What is the most common undesirable effect of thrombolytic therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common undesirable effect of thrombolytic therapy is bleeding, both internal and superficial. Thrombolytic agents work by dissolving blood clots, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Patients receiving thrombolytic therapy should be closely monitored for signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, petechiae, hematomas, or gastrointestinal bleeding. It is essential for healthcare providers to assess and manage the risk of bleeding while administering thrombolytic therapy to minimize potential complications. Dysrhythmias, nausea and vomiting, and anaphylactic reactions are less common adverse effects of thrombolytic therapy compared to bleeding.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving tamoxifen (Nolvadex) for breast cancer. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor modulator, treats breast cancer but blocks estrogen in some tissues, causing hot flashes , a common menopausal-like effect. Monitoring this ensures client comfort and adherence, as it's frequent and distressing. Hair loss is more chemotherapy-related, not tamoxifen. Nausea and diarrhea occur less often and are less specific. Hot flashes align with tamoxifen's anti-estrogenic action, a key consideration in breast cancer management where long-term use is common. This focus aids in symptom management, distinguishing it from cytotoxic effects, making A the priority side effect to monitor.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a new prescription for Atenolol. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients taking Atenolol, a beta-blocker, should monitor their blood pressure regularly to ensure the medication is effectively managing their condition. Monitoring blood pressure helps in assessing the drug's effectiveness and identifying any potential side effects that may influence blood pressure levels.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because taking Atenolol at bedtime, with a high-fat meal, or increasing potassium-rich foods intake are not recommended actions associated with this medication and do not demonstrate an understanding of the teaching.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a client with a prescription for Phenytoin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, a condition characterized by overgrowth of gum tissue. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for signs of gingival hyperplasia, such as swollen or bleeding gums. Good oral hygiene practices are essential to prevent or manage this side effect.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Phenytoin does not typically cause a mild rash, should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset, and does not warrant an increase in calcium intake.