Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asking about a history of recent head injury is less likely to yield data relevant to confirming or ruling out migraines. Migraines are often associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and a family history of migraines. While head injuries can cause headaches, the focus of the assessment in this case should be on symptoms more specific to migraines to guide the diagnosis and management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Long-term HRT is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events and breast cancer. These risks should be discussed with the patient to ensure they are informed about the potential adverse effects.
Choice B is incorrect because HRT does not decrease the risk of osteoporosis; in fact, it may increase the risk of certain conditions like cardiovascular events.
Choice C is incorrect as HRT is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, not a decreased risk.
Choice D is incorrect because while HRT may have positive effects like improving symptoms of menopause, it is not primarily indicated for improving mood and energy levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A:
To produce energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through a process called cellular respiration. This energy is essential for various cellular activities.
Choice B is incorrect because protein synthesis primarily occurs in the ribosomes.
Choice C is incorrect as the genetic information is stored in the cell's nucleus.
Choice D is incorrect as the regulation of cell growth involves various other organelles and processes within the cell.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In a patient receiving isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (Rifadin) with symptoms of decreased urinary output and decreased sensation in great toes, assessing urine culture and sensitivity is crucial. These symptoms could indicate peripheral neuropathy, a known side effect of isoniazid, and rifampin can cause renal toxicity. Checking for any urinary tract infection or drug-induced nephrotoxicity is important.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the symptoms presented by the patient or the potential side effects of the medications mentioned.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The effects of finasteride in treating BPH may take several weeks or months to become noticeable as it works by shrinking the prostate gland over time.
Therefore, patients should be informed that improvement in symptoms may not be immediate.
Choice A is incorrect because improvement in symptoms is not expected within a few days.
Choice C is incorrect as immediate improvement in urinary flow is not typical with finasteride.
Choice D is incorrect because finasteride manages BPH symptoms but does not cure the condition.