ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following causes metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis is caused by bicarbonate loss, such as in diarrhea, where excessive bicarbonate is lost through stool, leading to acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A 15-month-old male child with failure to thrive, diarrhea, and fatty stool. Of the following, the MOST common possible cause of his illness is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Malabsorption is the leading cause of failure to thrive with diarrhea and fatty stools, often due to celiac disease or other digestive disorders. Intestinal parasites and milk protein intolerance are less common causes in this age group.
Question 3 of 5
A mother of a well 2-year-old girl with thumb-sucking behavior is worried that the behavior may continue or cause dental problems. Of the following, the BEST response is to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thumb-sucking is generally benign until around age 5, after which interventions might be considered if it persists.
Question 4 of 5
One of the following is a major Jones criteria for diagnosis of rheumatic fever:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythema marginatum is a major Jones criterion for rheumatic fever. It is a non-itchy, evanescent rash with a pale center, usually appearing on the trunk and proximal extremities.
Question 5 of 5
The most common airway foreign bodies:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vegetable matter, such as nuts, is the most common foreign body aspirated by children due to its size and texture.