ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and is receiving 3% sodium chloride via continuous IV. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the SIADH is resolving?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A urine specific gravity of 1.020 is within the expected reference range and indicates that the kidneys are appropriately concentrating urine, which is a sign that the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is resolving. A low sodium level (choice
B) is associated with SIADH, so a sodium level of 119 mEq/L is not indicative of resolution. BUN (choice
C) and calcium levels (choice
D) are typically not directly related to SIADH resolution.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a possible complication of TPN administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pitting edema of bilateral lower extremities. Pitting edema can indicate fluid overload, which is a potential complication of TPN administration.
Choice B, hypoactive bowel sounds, is more indicative of a gastrointestinal issue rather than a complication of TPN.
Choice C, weight remaining the same, is expected to remain stable with proper TPN administration.
Choice D, diminished lung sounds, is not directly related to TPN administration and is more suggestive of a respiratory issue.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following diets should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low fat diet. A low-fat diet is recommended for clients with chronic cholecystitis to reduce episodes of biliary colic. High-fat foods can trigger symptoms by causing the gallbladder to contract, leading to pain.
Choice A, a low potassium diet, is not specifically indicated for chronic cholecystitis.
Choice B, a high fiber diet, though generally healthy, may worsen symptoms in some individuals with cholecystitis due to the increased intestinal gas production.
Choice D, a low sodium diet, is not directly related to the management of chronic cholecystitis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is hyperventilating and has the following ABG results: pH 7.50, PaCO2 29 mm Hg, and HCO3- 25 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory alkalosis. In this scenario, the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation. Hyperventilation leads to excessive loss of carbon dioxide, causing a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration and an increase in pH levels.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by high PaCO2 and low pH. Metabolic acidosis is associated with low HCO3- levels and low pH. Metabolic alkalosis is marked by high HCO3- levels and high pH. In this case, the ABG results indicate respiratory alkalosis.
Question 5 of 5
A client is to undergo a liver biopsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client following the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a liver biopsy, the nurse should instruct the client to lie on the right side. This position helps apply pressure to the biopsy site, promoting hemostasis and reducing the risk of bleeding. Lying on the left side may not provide adequate pressure to the site. Increasing fluid intake is generally beneficial to prevent dehydration and aid in the recovery process, whereas decreasing fluid intake could lead to dehydration and possible complications.
Therefore, the correct instruction is to lie on the right side.