Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale:
1. Aspirin is contraindicated in Dengue Fever due to the risk of bleeding.
2. Rapid plasma loss replacement is crucial to prevent shock in DHF.
3. Rapid fluid and electrolyte replacement is vital to maintain hydration.
4. Oxygen therapy can help support respiratory function in severe cases.
5.
Therefore, aspirin for high fever is incorrect due to the bleeding risk.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Require hospitalization. D.O.T.S. is an outpatient treatment strategy for tuberculosis. Hospitalization is not a requirement for D.O.T.S. as patients receive medication under direct observation in a community setting. This approach helps to ensure medication adherence, stops resistance to anti-TB drugs, cures TB patients, and prevents new infections among children and adults. In summary, D.O.T.S. does not involve hospitalization and is an effective outpatient strategy for TB treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because single drug therapy is not appropriate for TB treatment. TB is caused by bacteria that can develop resistance if not treated with a combination of drugs. A: Correct - Combination therapy is essential to prevent drug resistance. C: Correct - Proper treatment leads to cure and non-infectiousness. D: Correct - TB is curable with proper treatment. B: Incorrect - Single drug therapy can lead to drug resistance and treatment failure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct classification for James' breathing is "C: Normal breathing." The respiratory rate for a child of his age should be between 20-30 breaths/minute. Since James has a respiratory rate of 41 breaths/minute, it may seem elevated. However, it is important to consider that children under 2 years often have higher respiratory rates compared to older children and adults. In the absence of other danger signs such as chest in-drawing, grunting, or stridor, a respiratory rate of 41 breaths/minute in an 18-month-old child with a cough does not necessarily indicate very fast breathing.
Therefore, James' breathing is classified as normal based on his age group and the absence of other concerning signs.

Summary:
A: Slow breathing - Incorrect, as James' respiratory rate is elevated, not slow.
B: Fast breathing - Incorrect, as James' respiratory rate does not meet the criteria for very fast breathing.
D: Very fast breathing - Incorrect

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct classification for James' illness is D: No pneumonia. This is because the question specifically states that James does not have pneumonia.
Therefore, it is important to focus on the information provided in the question itself.

Choices A, B, and C all suggest some form of pneumonia, which contradicts the information given. It is crucial to accurately interpret and address the details provided in the question to arrive at the correct answer.