ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old boy presents to the emergency room with abdominal pain, nausea, and three episodes of bloody emesis. His mother is concerned because she saw him playing near the open medicine cabinet and her prenatal vitamins were opened. What is the most appropriate treatment for the child's overdose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prenatal vitamins likely caused iron overdose (bloody emesis). Deferoxamine chelates iron, preventing toxicity. Aminocaproic acid treats bleeding. Dimercaprol and Penicillamine target other metals. Succimer (E) is for lead. Deferoxamine is urgent for this child.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the care plan with a patient using enteral nutrition (EN). Which interventions by the nurse are appropriate for this strategy? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking gastric residuals (
A) ensures proper gastric emptying and reduces aspiration risk. Elevating the bed (
B) prevents reflux and aspiration. Reporting absent bowel sounds (
D) is critical, as EN is contraindicated in ileus. Feeding bags and tubing should be changed every 24 hours, not 3 to 4 days (
C).
Question 3 of 5
The patient has been receiving amitriptyline (Elavil) for 2 weeks. He tells the nurse he doesn't think this medicine is working, as he is still depressed. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amitriptyline requires 2-6 weeks for full antidepressant effect, increasing neurotransmitters gradually. After 2 weeks, persistent depression is expected, so 'It can take several weeks' educates on the timeline, encouraging adherence.
Choice B dismisses feelings, risking trust.
Choice C assumes failure prematurely.
Choice D exaggerates to months, discouraging patience. A provides accurate, supportive guidance, aligning with tricyclic pharmacology, making it the best response.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is analyzing the laboratory studies on a client receiving dantrolene sodium (Dantrium). Which of the following laboratory tests would identify an adverse effect associated with the use of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is associated with hepatotoxicity, making liver function tests essential for monitoring adverse effects. Elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) may indicate liver damage, requiring discontinuation of the drug. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are used to assess kidney function, while triglyceride levels are unrelated to dantrolene's primary adverse effects. Regular monitoring of liver function is critical to ensure patient safety during treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer heparin to a client. Which laboratory value should the nurse check prior to administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin, an anticoagulant, prolongs clotting via antithrombin, monitored by aPTT to ensure therapeutic range (1.5-2.5 times normal) and prevent bleeding or clotting risks. PT/INR (choices A,
C) track warfarin, not heparin. Platelet count matters for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia but isn't the primary pre-dose check'baseline and periodic counts suffice. aPTT directly reflects heparin's effect, guiding dosing adjustments, especially in acute settings like DVT or PE. Checking it ensures safety, as excessive anticoagulation causes hemorrhage, while under-dosing fails therapy. This aligns with heparin's rapid action and short half-life, making B the critical lab value to verify before administration.