ATI RN
Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The presence of anemia is characterized by a/an:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood. This can result from various factors such as decreased production of red blood cells, increased destruction of red blood cells, or blood loss. Hemoglobin levels are often used to diagnose anemia, but the key feature of anemia is the decrease in the number of red blood cells, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. This in turn can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
Question 2 of 5
What is the earliest age at which a satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children as young as 1 year old. The radial pulse is commonly checked in the wrist and is a valuable indicator of cardiac function. Children as young as 1 year old can have a palpable radial pulse, allowing healthcare providers to assess their heart rate and rhythm. It is important to be gentle when palpating a pulse in young children to avoid causing discomfort or distress.
Question 3 of 5
The client with epilepsy is taking the prescribed dose of phenytoin (Dilantin) to control seizures. Results of a phenytoin blood level study reveal a level of 35 mcg/ml. Which of the following symptoms would be expected as a result of this laboratory result?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A phenytoin blood level of 35 mcg/ml is considered to be above the therapeutic range (usually 10-20 mcg/ml for phenytoin). At this elevated level, the client is at risk for phenytoin toxicity. Symptoms of phenytoin toxicity include nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements), as well as other symptoms such as confusion, slurred speech, ataxia, and tremors. Tachycardia is not typically associated with phenytoin toxicity.
Therefore, the expected symptom in this case would be nystagmus.
Question 4 of 5
Which laboratory results (besides hematuria) are most consistent with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HUS typically presents with mild proteinuria along with increased BUN and creatinine, reflecting impaired renal function.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following instructions would Nurse Courtney include in a teaching plan that focuses on initial prevention for Sheri who is diagnosed with rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate instruction in a teaching plan focusing on initial prevention for Sheri, who is diagnosed with rheumatic fever, would be treating streptococcal throat infections with an antibiotic (
Choice
A). Rheumatic fever is often preceded by a group A streptococcal infection, such as strep throat. Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections with antibiotics can help prevent the development of rheumatic fever and its complications.
Therefore, this instruction emphasizes the importance of treating the initial infection to prevent the occurrence of rheumatic fever in individuals like Sheri who are at risk.
Choices B, C, and D are not specific to the initial prevention of rheumatic fever but may be more related to the management or treatment of established cases.