ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 Infection Questions
Question 1 of 5
Nurse Bryan knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Premature infants, especially those born very premature or with health complications, often require blood transfusions due to their underdeveloped organs and medical conditions. Their small size and medical fragility make them the age group that typically uses the most units of blood and blood products. This high demand for blood products is necessary to support their growth, development, and overall health. Conversely, while individuals in other age groups may also require blood transfusions, premature infants have specific and ongoing needs that often result in a greater overall use of blood and blood products in this age group.
Question 2 of 5
At 4 to 5 half lives the concentration of drug in blood is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The concentration of a drug in the blood decreases by half with each half-life. Thus, after 4 to 5 half-lives, the amount of drug remaining in the blood would be approximately 6.25% to 3.125% of the original concentration. This translates to the concentration being around 50% or less, making the correct answer A. 50%.
Question 3 of 5
A 20-year-old man is diagnosed to have acute schizophrenia. Which of the following is an appropriate first-line treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute schizophrenia requires antipsychotics for positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations). IV haloperidol is for acute agitation, not first-line outpatient treatment. IM flupentixol, a long-acting typical antipsychotic, suits maintenance, not initial therapy. Oral olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is first-line, balancing efficacy (D2/5-HT2 blockade) and lower extrapyramidal risk, suitable for a young patient. Procyclidine treats parkinsonism, not schizophrenia. Fluoxetine is for depression. Olanzapine's oral route and profile make it ideal for initial management, promoting adherence and tolerability.
Question 4 of 5
A 59-year-old man with a long history of cardiac arrhythmia is maintained on procainamide. He presents to his primary care physician complaining of malaise, fevers, and nausea. Physical examination reveals a bilateral malar rash with erythema. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Procainamide can induce a lupus-like syndrome . Symptoms (malaise, fever, nausea) and malar rash mimic SLE, a known side effect due to drug-induced autoantibodies. Contact dermatitis lacks systemic features. Sun reaction or discoid lupus don't fit the drug link. Collagen disease (E) is vague. This reversible syndrome resolves with discontinuation, distinguishing it from primary lupus.
Question 5 of 5
Lithium is used to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps reduce the intensity of manic episodes, thereby stabilizing the patient's mood and preventing extreme mood swings. While lithium is primarily known for its mood-stabilizing effects, it is not used to lower blood glucose, slow the heart, or heal ulcers.