advanced health assessment test bank -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, hypercapnia. In COPD, impaired lung function leads to inadequate oxygen exchange, causing increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood (hypercapnia). This can result in respiratory acidosis and further exacerbate respiratory distress. Monitoring for hypercapnia is crucial in COPD management to prevent respiratory failure.

Incorrect choices:
A: Pulmonary embolism - While patients with COPD are at increased risk for blood clots, pulmonary embolism is not a direct complication of COPD.
B: Pneumothorax - Although individuals with COPD may develop pneumothorax due to weakened lung tissue, it is not a common complication.
D: Asthma attack - Asthma and COPD are distinct conditions with different pathophysiology. Asthma attacks are not a typical complication of COPD.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, as limiting alcohol and reducing sodium intake are crucial lifestyle modifications for managing hypertension. Alcohol can raise blood pressure, while excess sodium can increase fluid retention and elevate blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure regularly (choice
A) is important but alone does not indicate understanding of lifestyle modifications. Taking medication as prescribed (choice
B) is essential but does not address lifestyle changes. Stopping medication if blood pressure is normal (choice
C) is dangerous, as hypertension often requires ongoing treatment. In summary, choice D addresses key lifestyle modifications necessary for managing hypertension, while the other choices do not fully demonstrate understanding of proper management strategies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it indicates that the information was provided directly by the patient and is based on their perception or feeling. Subjective data is based on the patient's experiences and cannot be observed or measured by others.

Choices A, B, and D are all objective data as they can be observed or measured by healthcare providers.
Choice A describes a visible characteristic of the skin, choice B indicates absence of observable lesions, and choice D reports an observed lesion on a specific location of the skin.
Therefore, choice C is the only option that reflects subjective data about the patient's skin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic liver disease. Patients with a history of alcohol abuse are at increased risk for chronic liver disease due to the toxic effects of alcohol on the liver. Alcohol can lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The liver plays a crucial role in metabolizing alcohol, and excessive alcohol consumption can overwhelm the liver's ability to detoxify the body. Chronic kidney disease (
B), pulmonary embolism (
C), and stroke (
D) are not directly associated with alcohol abuse. Kidney disease is more commonly linked to conditions like diabetes and hypertension, pulmonary embolism is often related to blood clotting disorders, and stroke can be caused by factors such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Rationale:
1. Current health promotion activities are important to assess the patient's preventive measures.
2. At 87 years old, focusing on current habits can help identify areas for improvement.
3. Obstetrical history is irrelevant as the patient is postmenopausal.
4. Childhood illnesses are less relevant compared to current health status.
5. General health for the past 20 years may not reflect current health behaviors.