ATI RN
Introduction to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is he at risk for?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who are immunocompromised due to organ transplant and subsequent immunosuppressive medications are at an increased risk of developing infections. The immunosuppressive medications weaken the immune system's ability to fight off pathogens, making the patient susceptible to various types of infections.
Therefore, a patient who has received a kidney transplant is at risk for infections and should be monitored closely for any signs or symptoms of infection.
Question 2 of 5
An older adult patient will be taking a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse effect is of most concern for the older adult patient taking this class of drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most concerning adverse effect for an older adult patient taking a vasodilator for hypertension is hypotension, which is abnormally low blood pressure. Older adults may be more sensitive to the blood pressure-lowering effects of vasodilators due to age-related changes in the cardiovascular system. Hypotension can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, falls, and even fainting, increasing the risk of injury in older adults. Monitoring blood pressure regularly and adjusting the dosage appropriately are crucial in managing this potential adverse effect in older patients.
Question 3 of 5
A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a 79-year-old patient taking a diuretic for hypertension, the nurse should know that extra precautions are necessary for preventing orthostatic hypotension and potential falls. Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop in blood pressure that occurs when standing up from a sitting or lying down position. This can lead to dizziness and an increased risk of falls, particularly in elderly individuals.
Therefore, the teaching point about taking extra precautions when standing up is critical to emphasize for this patient to ensure their safety and well-being. Option A is the correct choice as it highlights the importance of this teaching point for the patient's care.
Question 4 of 5
A patient™s blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive emergency is obvious.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a hypertensive emergency where a patient's blood pressure is extremely elevated (such as 270/150 mm Hg in this case), one of the medications commonly used is a titratable intravenous antihypertensive medication like nicardipine. The maximum dose of nicardipine that should be infused is typically guided by the patient's response to treatment and not a fixed duration of time.
Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it highlights the importance of titrating the medication based on the patient's blood pressure response, rather than a specific time frame for infusion. Utilizing the drug at the lowest effective dose is crucial to avoid potential adverse effects, especially in a hypertensive emergency scenario.
Question 5 of 5
When reviewing the mechanisms of action of diuretics, the nurse knows that which statement is true about loop diuretics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics, such as furosemide and bumetanide, work by inhibiting the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle in the kidney. This mechanism of action leads to a significant diuretic effect. Loop diuretics have a rapid onset of action, typically within 30 minutes of administration, and they cause rapid diuresis. This rapid onset and potent diuretic effect make loop diuretics effective in situations requiring rapid removal of excess fluid, such as heart failure exacerbation or acute pulmonary edema.