ATI RN
Introduction to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The female client has a fungal infection and will receive nystatin (Mycostatin). What assessment data is critical for the nurse to review prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nystatin, an antifungal for candidiasis, is Category C, indicating potential fetal risks aren't fully ruled out. Assessing whether the client could be pregnant is critical to evaluate safety, as pregnancy might necessitate alternative treatments or physician consultation to avoid harm. Diet type or fat content minimally affects nystatin's topical or oral efficacy, unrelated to its safety profile. Height and weight influence dosing for some drugs, but nystatin's standard dosing isn't weight-based for most indications. Pregnancy status directly impacts risk-benefit decisions, especially for a reproductive-age female, aligning with pharmacological precautions. The nurse's review of this data ensures no teratogenic effects are risked unknowingly, making C the most critical assessment prior to administration.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who is taking clopidogrel (Plavix) and aspirin is preparing for orthopedic surgery. The nurse will consult with the surgeon and provide which instruction to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction to the patient who is taking clopidogrel (Plavix) and aspirin and is preparing for orthopedic surgery is to continue taking aspirin and stop taking clopidogrel 2 weeks prior to surgery. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that irreversibly inhibits platelet activation and aggregation, which can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. However, aspirin has a different mechanism of action and does not have as profound an effect on platelet function as clopidogrel. By continuing aspirin and stopping clopidogrel, the patient can still receive some antiplatelet protection while minimizing the bleeding risk associated with clopidogrel. It is important for the nurse to consult with the surgeon to ensure the best course of action for the patient's specific situation.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is/are true for phenolic germicidal agents:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenolic germicidal agents are commonly used as disinfectants due to their ability to kill microorganisms. Hexachlorophene is one type of phenolic germicidal agent that has been used as a surgical scrub in the past. It has antiseptic properties and can effectively reduce the number of bacteria on the skin, making it suitable for use in sterile environments such as surgical procedures. While phenolic germicidal agents do possess antibacterial properties, they do not typically have topical anesthetic effects like some other types of disinfectants. Additionally, while phenolic agents are used in various dental procedures, they are not specifically used in root canal therapy. The examples provided in the last statement, formocresol, cresantin, and eugenol, are not phenolic germicidal agents but rather dental materials used for different purposes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) has been prescribed prazosin (Minipress) and asks the nurse what this is going to do for him. The nurse’s response will include what action to explain the purpose of taking this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents block smooth muscle receptors in the prostate, prostatic capsule, prostatic urethra, and urinary bladder neck, which leads to a relaxation of the bladder and prostate and improved flow of urine in male patients. Although they also block the postsynaptic alpha1-receptor sites, causing a decrease in vascular tone and vasodilation that leads to a fall in blood pressure without the reflex tachycardia that occurs when the presynaptic alpha2-receptor sites are blocked, this is not the purpose for administering the drug to a patient with BPH. They do not reduce the size of the prostate.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is determining a patient's gastric residual before administering an enteral feeding; the last feeding was 240 mL. The patient will be discharged on enteral feedings. It is important to include in the teaching plan that a residual of more than which amount would indicate delayed gastric emptying (based on the last feeding)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A gastric residual volume of more than 60 mL (or 25% of the last feeding) suggests delayed gastric emptying, which increases the risk of aspiration. The nurse should hold the feeding and reassess if the residual exceeds this threshold. Higher residuals (B, C,
D) are not acceptable indicators.