ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
. A client is prescribed prednisone (Deltasone) daily. Which statement best explains why the nurse should instruct the client to take this drug in the morning?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because morning administration of prednisone mimics the body's natural corticosteroid secretion pattern. Cortisol, a natural corticosteroid, is typically highest in the morning and decreases throughout the day. By taking prednisone in the morning, the client aligns the drug's peak concentration with the body's natural cortisol levels, optimizing its therapeutic effects.
Choice A is incorrect because while taking the drug at the same time daily is important for consistency, it does not specifically address the rationale for morning administration.
Choice B is incorrect as the effectiveness of prednisone is not solely dependent on its half-life but also on alignment with the body's natural rhythm.
Choice D is also incorrect as prednisone can be taken with food and does not necessarily require an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A new nurse is completing an assessment on an 80-year-old patient who is alert and oriented. The patient’s daughter is present in the room. Which action by the nurse will require follow-up by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse should always prioritize communication with the patient, especially when the patient is alert and oriented. Speaking only to the patient's daughter could undermine the patient's autonomy and right to be involved in their care. It is important for the nurse to directly address the patient to gather accurate information and ensure patient-centered care. Making eye contact (
A), leaning forward (
C), and nodding periodically (
D) are all appropriate communication techniques that show attentiveness and engagement with the patient, which are crucial in building rapport and trust.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the ff actions should the nurse perform before a client with impaired physical mobility gets up?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use parallel bars or a walker. Before a client with impaired physical mobility gets up, the nurse should provide assistive devices like parallel bars or a walker to ensure safe and supported ambulation. This helps prevent falls and promotes independence. Using incontinence pads (
B) is not directly related to mobility. Applying an abdominal binder (
C) is not necessary before the client gets up. Using a footboard (
D) is more relevant for positioning in bed, not for assisting with ambulation.
Question 4 of 5
Correct method of mouth to mouth respiration is that the victim’s chin is held:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (Downward) because it helps to maintain a clear airway for effective mouth-to-mouth respiration. By holding the victim's chin downward, you can ensure proper alignment of the airway, allowing the tongue to fall forward and prevent obstruction. Holding the chin forward (
Choice
A) may cause the airway to close, holding it backward (
Choice
B) may strain the neck, and holding it sideward (
Choice
C) may not provide optimal airway alignment. Holding the chin downward is the most effective and safe method for providing mouth-to-mouth respiration.
Question 5 of 5
Mr. Garcia, a 41-year old chronic alcohol drinker is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood. He was diagnosed to have a bleeding gastric ulcer and suddenly develops sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen. This likely indicates:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer indicates a perforation of the ulcer. Perforation leads to leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity, causing peritonitis. This presentation requires immediate surgical intervention. Option A is incorrect as intestinal development does not correlate with the symptoms described. Option B is incorrect because inflammation of the esophagus would not lead to a rigid boardlike abdomen. Option D is incorrect as the sudden onset of symptoms is more indicative of a complication like perforation rather than the development of additional ulcers.