ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology 101 Questions
Question 1 of 5
What does incidence refer to?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'How many new cases of a disorder occur during a given period of time.' Incidence specifically measures the rate of occurrence of new cases of a particular condition within a defined population and time frame. This distinguishes it from prevalence, which includes both new and existing cases.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately define the term 'incidence.'
Choice B refers to recovery, choice C mentions gender distribution, and choice D relates to the total population affected by a disorder, which are not reflective of the concept of incidence.
Question 2 of 5
What would a humanist most likely say about Manny's passivity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humanists believe in the inherent goodness and potential of individuals. They would most likely say that Manny can become more assertive by improving his self-esteem and recognizing his abilities.
Choice A is incorrect because humanists focus on self-actualization rather than deep-seated feelings of inferiority.
Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the issue by suggesting a training class can solve the problem without addressing underlying beliefs.
Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a psychoanalytic approach, while humanists usually emphasize personal growth and self-improvement.
Question 3 of 5
While out for a walk, you come across a ferocious dog. You feel your heart beating faster and your palms begin to sweat. Which part of the peripheral nervous system is activated in this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sympathetic. When encountering a stressful situation like a ferocious dog, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, leading to the 'fight or flight' response. This response triggers physiological changes like increased heart rate, sweating, and heightened alertness to prepare the body to deal with the perceived threat. The autonomic nervous system (
Choice
A) encompasses both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, so it's a broader category. The parasympathetic nervous system (
Choice
C) is responsible for the body's 'rest and digest' functions, which are opposite to the physiological changes seen in a stress response. The somatic nervous system (
Choice
D) controls voluntary movements and sensory information, not the physiological responses seen in a stress reaction.
Question 4 of 5
Jason, a 4-year-old boy, believes that it gets cloudy and rainy every time he is sad. He concluded that his sadness is the cause of the bad weather. This tendency is known as?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Transduction. Transduction refers to when a child believes that their feelings or actions cause unrelated events, such as a child thinking their sadness causes rain.
Choice A, Irreversibility, is incorrect as it relates to the belief that actions cannot be undone, which is more related to conservation tasks in Piaget's theory.
Choice B, Centration, refers to the tendency to focus on only one aspect of a situation, overlooking other relevant aspects.
Choice C, Animism, is the attribution of lifelike qualities to inanimate objects, which is not applicable in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
The ____ believed that consciousness developed in humans because it serves a useful purpose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functionalists believed that consciousness evolved because it serves a useful purpose in helping humans adapt to their environment.
Choice A, Behaviorists, focused on observable behaviors rather than consciousness.
Choice B, Humanists, emphasized human potential and self-actualization.
Choice D, Structuralists, studied the basic elements of consciousness rather than its function and purpose.