ATI RN
foundation of nursing questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has just been started on an enteral feeding and has developed diarrhea after being on the feeding for 2 hours. What does the nurse suspect is themostlikely cause of the diarrhea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Formula intolerance. When a patient develops diarrhea shortly after starting enteral feeding, formula intolerance is the most likely cause. This can occur due to the patient's inability to tolerate certain ingredients in the formula, leading to gastrointestinal upset. Antibiotics (choice
A) and Clostridium difficile (choice
B) typically take longer to cause diarrhea. Bacterial contamination (choice
D) would usually result in more severe symptoms beyond just diarrhea. In this scenario, formula intolerance is the most logical explanation for the immediate onset of diarrhea after starting enteral feeding.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been referred to the breast clinic after her most recent mammogram revealed the presence of a lump. The lump is found to be a small, well-defined nodule in the right breast. The oncology nurse should recognize the likelihood of what treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lumpectomy and radiation. For a small, well-defined nodule in the breast, lumpectomy (removal of the lump) followed by radiation therapy is usually the treatment of choice for early-stage breast cancer. This approach aims to preserve the breast while ensuring effective treatment. Partial mastectomy (
B) involves removing a larger portion of the breast tissue and is not typically necessary for a small, well-defined nodule. Chemotherapy (
C) is generally used for more advanced stages of breast cancer or when the cancer has spread beyond the breast.
Total mastectomy (
D) is considered when the cancer is more extensive or in cases where lumpectomy is not feasible.
Question 3 of 5
A patient got a sliver of glass in his eye when a glass container at work fell and shattered. The glass had to be surgically removed and the patient is about to be discharged home. The patient asks the nurse for a topical anesthetic for the pain in his eye. What should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Overuse of topical anesthetics can soften the cornea and damage the eye.
Topical anesthetics numb the eye, masking pain and potentially leading to overuse. This can prevent the patient from recognizing potential issues like infection or further injury. Additionally, prolonged use can interfere with the cornea's ability to heal properly.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific risks associated with using topical anesthetics in the eye. Option B focuses on peripheral vision loss, which is not a direct consequence of using topical anesthetics.
Choice C mentions controlled substances, which is not relevant to the situation. Option D acknowledges the patient's request but does not educate the patient on the potential harm of overusing topical anesthetics.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a hip fracture is having difficulty defecating into a bedpan while lying in bed. Which action by the nurse will assist the patient in having a successful bowel movement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale: Option D is correct because raising the head of the bed promotes a more natural position for defecation, allowing gravity to assist. This position helps align the rectum and anal canal, making it easier for the patient to have a bowel movement. Administering laxatives (Option
C) may help, but adjusting the bed position is a non-invasive and more immediate intervention. Withholding pain medication (Option
B) could lead to unnecessary discomfort for the patient. Administering a barium enema (Option
A) is not indicated for addressing difficulty with defecation.
Question 5 of 5
A woman calls the clinic and tells the nurse she has had bloody drainage from her right nipple. The nurse makes an appointment for this patient, expecting the physician or practitioner to order what diagnostic test on this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Breast ultrasound. Bloody drainage from the nipple can be indicative of various conditions such as breast cancer. A breast ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging test that can help visualize any abnormalities in the breast tissue, including masses or tumors. It is commonly used to evaluate breast symptoms like nipple discharge. Radiography (
B) is not typically used for evaluating breast conditions. Positron emission testing (PET) (
C) is more commonly used in cancer staging and may not be the first-line test for this symptom. Galactography (
D) is a specific imaging test used to evaluate the ducts of the breast and may not be the initial test for bloody nipple discharge.