ATI RN
Endocrinology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following causes of Cushing's syndrome does the phrase "Cushing's disease" specifically refer to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The phrase "Cushing's disease" specifically refers to the cause of Cushing's syndrome that is due to an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. In this specific case, the excess production of ACTH leads to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and oversecretion of cortisol. It is important to differentiate between Cushing's syndrome caused by a pituitary adenoma (Cushing's disease) and other causes such as adrenal adenomas, ectopic ACTH production, or iatrogenic sources.
Question 2 of 5
Effect of diabetes on foetus includes all except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperbilirubinemia is not a common effect of diabetes on the fetus. The correct effects of diabetes on the fetus include:
Question 3 of 5
Neurological features of myxoedema include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myxoedema refers to severe hypothyroidism which can lead to neurological manifestations. The correct features associated with myxoedema include delayed relaxation of ankle jerk (
Choice
A), hypertonia (
Choice
C), and bradylalia (
Choice
D). Cerebellar ataxia, which involves incoordination and balance issues due to dysfunction of the cerebellum, is not a typical neurological feature seen in myxoedema.
Question 4 of 5
Commonest cause of Addison's disease is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most common cause of Addison's disease is autoimmune adrenalitis, also known as autoimmune adrenal insufficiency. In autoimmune adrenalitis, the adrenal glands are damaged by immune system-mediated processes, leading to their dysfunction. This autoimmune destruction typically presents as bilateral adrenal cortex atrophy due to the formation of granulomas.
Therefore, the commonest cause of Addison's disease is the presence of granulomas in the adrenal glands, making option A, Granuloma, the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4):
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid hormones, T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine), play a crucial role in regulating metabolism in the body. They are responsible for increasing the metabolic rate of cells by influencing the production of proteins and controlling how the body uses energy. This increase in metabolic rate results in processes such as increased heart rate, enhanced nutrient breakdown, and higher body temperature. Thus, option A, "increase metabolic rate," is the correct statement regarding thyroid hormones (T3 and T4).