ATI RN
Quizlet ATI Pharmacology Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drug X has a median lethal dose of 30 mg and a median effective dose of 10. Drug Y has a therapeutic index of 4, while drug Z has a therapeutic index of 3. Which statement is accurate based on this information?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic index (TI) = lethal dose (LD50) / effective dose (ED50). Drug X: 30/10 = 3. Drug Y: TI = 4. Drug Z: TI = 3. Higher TI means safer-Drug Y (4) tops X and Z (3), balancing efficacy and toxicity best. X and Y aren't both safer-X matches Z. X's TI isn't 20. Z isn't safest. Y's TI makes it safest.
Question 2 of 5
When reviewing the health history of a patient, the nurse will note that a potential contraindication to potassium supplements exists if the patient has which problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with renal disease may have difficulty excreting potassium properly. If a patient with renal disease takes potassium supplements, it can lead to hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can be dangerous and may result in cardiac dysrhythmias and other serious complications.
Therefore, patients with renal disease should avoid potassium supplements unless directed otherwise by their healthcare provider.
Question 3 of 5
What Medication is used as a Bronchodialtor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a medication commonly used as a bronchodilator. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs. This medication is commonly used to treat conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D), and other respiratory issues where bronchodilation is needed to ease breathing difficulties. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, Lovastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels, and Valproate is an anticonvulsant used to treat seizures.
Question 4 of 5
A balanced anesthetic technique for production of general anesthesia may include which of the following drugs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A balanced anesthetic technique for producing general anesthesia usually involves a combination of different types of drugs to achieve the desired level of unconsciousness, analgesia, muscle relaxation, and amnesia while minimizing adverse effects. The use of multiple drugs simultaneously allows for lower doses of each drug, reducing the risk of toxicity and adverse side effects. In a typical balanced anesthesia regimen, an inhalation anesthetic is used for the maintenance of anesthesia, a narcotic provides analgesia, a muscle relaxant is used to facilitate intubation and reduce muscle movements during surgery, and an IV barbiturate may be used as an induction agent to initiate anesthesia.
Therefore, all of the options provided - an inhalation anesthetic, a narcotic, a muscle relaxant, and an IV barbiturate - are commonly included in a balanced anesthetic technique for producing general anesthesia.
Question 5 of 5
When applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches, which instruction by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction by the nurse when applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches is to "Rotate application sites with each dose." This is important to prevent skin irritation and tolerance to the medication. It is recommended to apply the patch to a different, clean, hairless area of skin for each dose to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Additionally, rotating application sites helps reduce the risk of skin reactions such as redness, itching, or rash.