Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because involuntary commitment to an outpatient community mental health center provides treatment while allowing the patient to remain in the community and maintain some level of freedom. This option aligns with the principle of the least restrictive environment by balancing the patient's need for treatment with their rights and autonomy.

Option B is incorrect as sedating a patient to prevent them from getting out of bed is overly restrictive and limits their freedom unnecessarily. Option C is also incorrect as placing a patient in a locked padded room is highly restrictive and does not promote autonomy or community integration. Option D is incorrect because allowing the patient to decide on treatment, while important, may not always align with their best interests in cases of severe mental illness requiring involuntary commitment for safety and treatment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Person with schizophrenia. This terminology is person-first language, emphasizing the individual over the condition. It is respectful, person-centered, and reduces stigma. Using terms like "schizophrenic" (
B), "schizophrenic patient" (
C), or "committed patient" (
A) can be dehumanizing, label-focused, and perpetuate negative stereotypes. It is important to always prioritize personhood and dignity when referring to individuals with mental health conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gilligan. Carol Gilligan is known for her work on female development, particularly in contrast to the male-focused theories of development by theorists like Kohlberg. Gilligan emphasized the importance of relationships, care, and compassion in moral development, which are often more central to female experiences. Maslow's hierarchy of needs (
A) is a general theory of motivation, not specific to female development. Bandura (
C) is known for social learning theory, which applies to all genders. Miller (
D) is not a theorist associated with female development. In this context, Gilligan stands out as the theorist most directly addressing female development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Step 1: Developing cultural competence involves understanding and respecting the cultural beliefs of individuals.

Step 2:
Choice D aligns with this by emphasizing appreciation and genuine interest in the individual's cultural beliefs.

Step 3: By demonstrating appreciation and interest, the nurse can build trust and rapport with the patient.

Step 4: This approach promotes culturally sensitive care and patient-centered practice.

Step 5:

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not prioritize understanding individual cultural beliefs and may lead to stereotyping, ethnocentrism, or lack of respect for diversity.
Summary:
Choice D is the most appropriate as it promotes respect for individual cultural beliefs and fosters effective communication and relationship building.

Choices A, B, and C lack the key components necessary for developing cultural competence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Personal autonomy as a key value. Personal autonomy is a fundamental aspect of self-determinism, giving individuals the freedom to make their own choices. This aligns with the concept of self-determinism, where individuals have the right to act in accordance with their own values and goals.

Choices based on pleasing others (
B) contradict self-determinism as they prioritize external influences over personal autonomy. Activities reflecting personal goals (
C) are more in line with self-determinism, but they do not encompass the broader concept of personal autonomy. The right to refuse treatment (
D) is an important aspect of autonomy but is specific to healthcare decisions, not the comprehensive concept of self-determinism.