Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Low calcium intake. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. Calcium is essential for bone health, and a low intake can lead to decreased bone density and increased risk of osteoporosis. Physical activity, while beneficial for overall health, is not a significant risk factor for osteoporosis. High alcohol consumption can contribute to bone loss but is not as significant as low calcium intake. Genetics play a role in predisposing individuals to osteoporosis, but it is not a modifiable risk factor like low calcium intake. Thus, B is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing palliative care focused on symptom management and comfort. This is the most appropriate intervention for an older adult with advanced heart failure as it prioritizes quality of life by focusing on alleviating symptoms and ensuring comfort. High-dose diuretics (choice
A) may lead to electrolyte imbalances and worsen the patient's condition. Initiating aggressive cardiac surgery (choice
C) may be too risky and invasive for an older adult with advanced heart failure. Enforcing strict bed rest (choice
D) can lead to deconditioning and muscle wasting, further compromising the patient's quality of life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a gerontological nurse practitioner is trained to manage chronic conditions and promote health in older adults through preventive care, education, and treatment. This role involves a holistic approach to addressing the physical, mental, and social aspects of aging.
Choice A is incorrect as palliative care is just one aspect of their role.
Choice C is incorrect as they work in various settings, not just nursing homes.
Choice D is incorrect as they work with a range of older adult patients, not just those with psychiatric conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Coordinating care among healthcare providers. This is the most important consideration for providing care to older adults with multiple chronic conditions because it ensures that all aspects of their health are managed comprehensively and efficiently. Coordinating care among healthcare providers helps prevent medication interactions, duplicate tests, and conflicting treatment plans. It also promotes better communication and collaboration among the healthcare team, leading to improved outcomes for the patient.

A: Treating each condition independently is not ideal as it may result in conflicting treatment plans and overlook the holistic nature of managing multiple chronic conditions.
B: Using a single medication for all conditions is not appropriate as different conditions may require specific medications tailored to each individual's needs.
D: Limiting social interactions to reduce stress is not directly related to managing multiple chronic conditions and may have negative effects on the overall well-being of the older adults.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because regular physical activity and joint mobility exercises help improve joint flexibility, reduce pain, and increase strength. This intervention can enhance overall physical function and quality of life for older adults with arthritis.
Complete bed rest (
A) can lead to muscle weakness and joint stiffness, worsening arthritis symptoms. Increased use of opioid painkillers (
C) can have adverse side effects and may not address the root cause of arthritis. Strictly limiting daily activities (
D) can lead to decreased mobility and functional decline in older adults.