ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
During an infusion of albumin, the nurse monitors the patient closely for the development of which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When administering an infusion of albumin (a colloid solution), the nurse must closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of fluid volume overload. This is because albumin infusion can lead to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the intravascular compartment, potentially causing volume overload. Symptoms of fluid volume overload may include dyspnea, crackles in the lungs, peripheral edema, increased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Prompt recognition and intervention are essential to prevent complications such as pulmonary edema and heart failure. Monitoring for signs of fluid volume overload enables the nurse to adjust the infusion rate or take other appropriate actions to ensure the patient's safety.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who is severely anemic also has acute heart failure with severe edema due to fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are the most appropriate blood product for a severely anemic patient who needs an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. PRBC transfusions provide a concentrated dose of red blood cells to improve oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. This can help address the anemia and improve symptoms related to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues, such as fatigue and weakness. Fresh frozen plasma, albumin, and whole blood do not specifically target the anemia in this scenario and are not the primary choice for raising hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in a patient with severe anemia and acute heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
The following drugs are most commonly associated with ototoxicity:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gentamicin is highly associated with ototoxicity, especially in patients with preexisting renal impairment or prolonged use.
Question 4 of 5
What is Heparin's antidote?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting clotting factors in the blood. In cases of Heparin overdose or when a patient needs to quickly reverse the effects of Heparin, Protamine sulfate is administered as an antidote. Protamine sulfate works by binding to Heparin and neutralizing its anticoagulant effects, thus helping to restore normal clotting function. It is important to use Protamine sulfate cautiously as it can cause severe reactions in some individuals, especially those with allergies to fish, as Protamine is derived from fish sperm.
Question 5 of 5
A client taking probenecid is complaining of gout pain. Which of the following medication should the nurse expect to be administered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetaminophen is often used to manage pain in patients with gout, as it does not interfere with uric acid levels. Aspirin is contraindicated because it can reduce the effectiveness of probenecid. Orphenadrine and tizanidine are muscle relaxants and are not indicated for gout pain. Acetaminophen is a safe and effective option for pain relief in this context.